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Vocabulary
Structure of the Earth
Continental Drift Theory
Plate Tectonics
Miscellaneous
100
The point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake.
the focus
100
Created the Continental Drift Theory
Alfred Wegener
100
Earthquakes and Volcanoes are usually located in relation to these
a plate boundary
100
The Himalayan mountains are the result of a ___________________________ boundary.
convergent boundary
200
A number of rigid, but moving, pieces of Earth's surface
tectonic plates
200
Scientist discovered evidence of matching fresh water reptile fossils from two separate continents _____________________ and _____________________
What is Africa and South America?
200
The mid-ocean ridge is an example of a ____________________ boundary and ___________________ occurs here where new ocean floor is formed.
divergent boundary; sea-floor spreading
200
Hot air or liquid is less ________________ than cool air or liquid.
DENSE
300
The theory that all continents are fragments of Pangaea now drifting apart
Continental Drift Theory
300
Plates float on top of the _______________________.
asthenosphere
300
Fossil evidence of a fern-like plant was found on these continents.
Antarctica, South America, Africa, and Australia
300
This seismic wave travels along Earth's surface and produce the most severe ground movements.
surface waves
300
_________________ are a result from the build up of stress at a plate boundary.
earthquakes
400
States that youngest rocks of ocean floor are at diverging boundaries, moving outward
seafloor spreading
400
The rigid part of the Earth including the crust and the upper mantle (makes up the plates of the Earth)
What is the lithosphere
400
True or False. Since we have great technology, scientists can predict exactly when an earthquake will occur.
false ! (We don't know when and where stress will be released)
400
This is the mechanism (what causes) the plates to move
convection cycles in the mantle
400
The San Andreas Fault in California is an example of a ____________________ boundary.
transform boundary
500
When the continental plates pull apart at a divergent boundary, this landform is made.
rift valley
500
Mantle rock rises in convection currents because heated materials become ___________ dense.
LESS
500
Continental Drift Theory was not accepted because it did not explain this
how the continents moved (by convection in the mantle)
500
The two types of convergent boundaries
What is subduction (where volcanoes often occur) and collision (where mountains are usually formed)
500
The rating system that estimates the total energy released by an earthquake.
Moment Magnitude Scale