Vocabulary
Define Pangaea. How long ago did it exist?
A supercontinent or large landmass which existed 200 million years ago.
What is the theory of continental drift?
the theory that the continents started as one single landmass which broke apart and drifted in different directions
What are the four layers of the earth?
The crust, the mantle, the inner core, and the outer core.
Define the theory of plate tectonics.
A theory that the crust of the earth is broken into large chunks, or plates, which move with respect to each other.
Earthquakes are caused by which type of plate boundary?
Transform Boundary
Define lava.
Molten rock that is above the earth's surface.
What type of rock is found at a mid-ocean ridge: new rock or old rock?
New rocks
Which layer of the Earth exists in a liquid state?
The outer core
Define Convergent Boundary.
A plate boundary where two plates push together.
What geologic feature would we see at a continental-continental divergent boundary?
A rift valley
Define magma.
Molten rock below the Earth's surface.
How does the shape of South America and Africa provide evidence for continental drift?
Their coastlines look like they fit together, which might mean that they used to be one landmass.
Which layer of the earth is as hot as the surface of the sun?
The inner core
Define Divergent Boundary.
A plate boundary where two plates move away from each other.
What geologic feature would we see at a continental-continental convergent boundary?
Fold mountains
Define seafloor spreading.
the process by which oceanic crust is created at mid-ocean ridges and destroyed at ocean trenches.
How might the fossils of Glossopteris and Lystrosaurus provide evidence for continental drift?
The fossils were found on continents which are thousands of miles apart, which suggests that the continents must have been much closer in the past.
Tectonic plates are made out of which layer of the earth?
The lithosphere
Define transform boundary.
A plate boundary where two plates slide past each other.
Mid-ocean ridges can be found at which types of plate boundary?
Oceanic-Oceanic Divergent
Define subduction.
When an oceanic plate sinks below a continental plate at a convergent boundary
How do mid-ocean ridges provide evidence for continental drift?
Mid-ocean ridges are created though seafloor spreading. If the seafloor is spreading, that mean the plates are moving apart, which pushes the continents farther apart.
Solid, but the heat and pressure makes it move like a liquid.
Which crust is more dense? Continental crust or Oceanic Crust?
Oceanic Crust
Above-Ground mountains can be found at which boundaries? (List all boundaries which make mountains)
Oceanic-Continental Convergent
Continental-Continental Convergent