Ground shaking release of energy when a break in the crust occurs
100
What is a volcano?
Anywhere magma reaches Earth's surface is a volcano.
200
Current in the mantle where cooler, denser material sinks and warmer, less dense material rises
Mantle convection
200
Which layer of Earth is liquid?
The outer core
200
Parts of the crust and uppermost mantle that move over Earth's surface are called ______
Tectonic Plates
200
What are the three types of faults?
Reverse, normal, strike-slip
200
An unusually hot region of Earth's mantle where magma rises to the surface by breaking through weak parts of the lithosphere is a _________
Hot spot
300
The theory that all continents are fragments of Pangaea now drifting apart
What is the Continental Drift Theory
300
Deep valleys in the ocean floor are called ______
Trenches
300
Where two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally?
Transform plate boundary
300
What fault forms when rock is squeezed together and one block rides up to overlap the other block? (This fault shortens the crust horizontally)
Reverse Fault
300
Many volcanoes occur at _________ boundaries.
Convergent
400
An instrument that measures and records ground vibrations
Seismograph
400
The rigid part of the Earth including the crust and the upper mantle (makes up the plates of the Earth)
The lithosphere
400
The process of denser crust of a tectonic plate sliding beneath less-dense crust of another plate is called ______
Subduction
400
What are the three types of seismic waves?
Primary (P waves), Secondary (S waves), Surface ( L waves)
400
What happens at an oceanic-oceanic convergent boundary?
One plate subducts beneath the other plate forming an oceanic trench. Magma rises to the upper plate and some is released onto the surface.
500
A destructive event that results from geological processes?
A geohazard
500
The Earth's crust is thinnest under the _____________________ and thickest under the _____________________.
What is thinnest under the ocean and thickest under the continents.
500
The pulling of a tectonic plate due to gravity and subduction is called ______
Slab Pull
500
Which seismic wave often causes the most damage?
Surface Waves (L waves)
500
What happens at a oceanic-continental convergent plate boundary?
Plate of oceanic crust subducts beneath the continental crust of another plate. Volcanoes form on the surface of continental crust and magma rises to the surface.