Layers of the Earth
What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth's layers?
Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
____ is heat transfer within a material or between materials that are touching.
Conduction
The place where two plates come together is known as a _____.
Convergent boundary
_____ hypothesized that all the continents were once joined in a single landmass and have since drifted apart.
Alfred Wegener
Movement of _____ form mountain ranges, volcanoes, earthquakes, and deep ocean trenches.
Tectonic plates
Which layer of the Earth is a molten (liquid) and is composed of iron and 10% sulfur?
Outer core
_____ is the process where heat energy is transferred through space by electromagnetic waves, meaning it travels without needing a physical medium to carry it, like the way sunlight warms the Earth.
Radiation
A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a converging boundary produces a _____.
Mountain range
The process of _____ continually adds new crust to the ocean floor along both sides of the mid-ocean ridge.
Sea-floor spreading
_____ occurs when a plate is pushed/pulled down because it is less dense.
Subduction
The outer core is made of _____ metal and the inner core is made of _____ metal.
liquid, solid
Heat transfer by the movement of liquids and gasses is called what?
Convection
A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a _____.
Continents have slowly been moving to their current location due to convection currents known as_____.
Continental drift
The lithosphere is broken into sections called_____ which float in top of the asthenoshere.
Plates
Earth's inner core is _____.
A dense ball of solid metal.
Heating a pot touching the burner on the stove is what type of heat transfer?
Conduction
A rift valley forms at a _____.
Divergent plate boundary
_____ came up with the theory that the sea-floor continually spreads and adds new material to the ocean floor.
Harry Hess
The presence of _____ supports the theory of sea-floor spreading.
Molten material
This layer is made of molten magma.
Mantle
Boiling soup is which type of heat transfer?
Convection
Most geologists think that the movement of Earth's plates is caused by _____.
Convection currents in the mantle
Most geologists rejected Alfred Wegener's idea of continental drift because_____.
Wegener could not identify a force that could move the continents.
_____ pulls cooler, denser mantle material back towards the core.
Gravity