Earth's Interior
What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers?
Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
Scientists think that convection currents flow in Earth’s _______
Mantle
The name of the super continent that existed millions of years ago.
The geological theory of _______ states that pieces of Earth’s lithosphere are in constant, slow motion.
Plate tectonics
The place where two plates come together is known as a _______
Convergent boundary
Geologists obtain indirect evidence about Earth’s interior by _______
Recording and studying seismic waves
Most geologists think that the movement of Earth’s plates is caused by _______
Convection currents in the mantle
According to Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift, _______
The continents were once joined together into a single landmass.
A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a _______
Transform boundary
What did scientists notice when they observed the mid-ocean ridge?
pillow-shaped rocks formed by the rapid hardening of molten material
Holes drilled several kilometers into Earth’s crust provide direct evidence about Earth’s interior in the form of _______
Rock Samples
In the mantle, heat is transferred as soft rock flows slowly in cycles known as __________
Convection Currents
In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts _______
Along mid-ocean ridges
The process by which the ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle is known as _______
Subduction
A collision between two pieces of continental crust at a converging boundary produces a _______
Mountain Range
The inner core is ________.
A dense ball of solid metal
In the mantle, heat is Heat transfer within a fluid takes place by _______
Convection currents
How did scientists discover that rocks farther away from the mid-ocean ridge were older than those near it?
by determining the age of rock samples obtained by drilling on the seafloor
A rift valley forms at a _______
Divergent plate boundary
The ocean floor sinks beneath a deep-ocean trench and back into the mantle in a process known as ____________________________________
Subduction
Using data from seismic waves, geologists have learned that Earth’s interior is made up of several _______
Layers
Scientists think that the ___________________ made of liquid iron and nickel, moves to produce Earth’s magnetic field.
Outer Core
Most geologists rejected Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental drift because _______
Wegener could not identify a force that could move the continents
The lithosphere is broken into sections called ___________________which float on top of the asthenosphere.
Plates
The process of ____________________________________ continually adds new crust to the ocean floor along both sides of the mid-ocean ridge.
Seafloor Spreading