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Earth's Interior
HEAT TRANSFER
Drifting Continents
Plate Movement
MISC
100
Describe the inner core (material, temperature, density, and is it sold or liquid)
metal- iron and nickel Hot dense solid
100
Explain radiation and give an example
transfer of hear through empty space fire, sun
100
Who proposed the hypothesis of continental drift
Alfred Wegener
100
What does the theory of plate tectonics explain?
The formation, movement, and subduction of Earth's plates
100
What is a plate
slab of rock
200
Why is the inner core a solid, even though it is so hot
Because of the intense pressure
200
Explain conduction and give an example
transfer of heat by direct touch between materials hot spoon and pot
200
Explain what the hypothesis of continental drift states
All the continents were one landmass called Pangaea and slowly drifted apart.
200
Explain what happens at a convergent plate boundary and what landform forms
Two plates collide mountain
200
What is continental plates made of? What are oceanic plates made of? What rock type?
oceanic plate- basalt continental plate- granite
300
What is the mantle made of
molten material
300
Explain convection and give an example
transfer of heat by convection currents in a fluid soup, mantle, heating a room
300
Even though there was evidence that support the hypothesis, geologists didn't believe it still because they need a mechanism that moved the plates. What is this mechanism?
Convection currents in the mantle is the driving force that moves the tectonic plates in the lithosphere.
300
What type of plate boundary does subduction occur at? Explain what is happening at a subduction zone What action or landform can occur at a subduction zone
1) convergent 2) Denser oceanic plate subducts beneath a continental plate 2) volcanic activity and/or deep earthquakes
300
What is a plate boundary?
Where two plates meet?
400
Explain convection currents in the mantle
Hot molten rock rises, cools and sinks, creating convection currents
400
EXPLAIN What is happening in the mantle that makes the tectonic plates in the lithosphere (upper mantle) move
convetion currents, hot mantle rock rises , then cools and sinks, rising and sinking causes convection current activity which makes the plates move
400
What is a mid ocean ridge? How does it provide evidence for plate movement
1) undersea mountain chain 2) as sea floor spreads molten material is erupted through the crack in the sea floor.
400
Explain a divergent plate boundary and a landform that is formed
1)Two plates separate from each other 2) volcano, rifts, valley
400
Why does California have frequent earthquake activity? Why doesn't NJ have frequent earthquake activity
California is on the edge of a plate boundary NJ is in the center of a plate boundary
500
Explain the direct evidence and indirect evidence geologists use to study the interior of the Earth
direct: rock samples indirect: sesimic data from earthquakes
500
1) What are the three layers of the mantle (starting with the bottom layer first) 2) Which layer of the mantle is where convection currents occur 3) which layer of mantle makes up the tectonic plates
1) lower mantle, asthenosphere, lithosphere 2) astenosphere 3) lithosphere
500
What are the three pieces of evidence that support continental drift. Explain
1) land features- folded mountains match up 2) Fossil evidence matches up on different continents 3) evidence of climate change- tropical plant fossils found in cooler regions or glacial evidence in rocks found at warmer regions
500
Explain a transform plate boundary and an action that results from it
Two plates slide past each other earthquakes
500
1) Who is the geologist who mapped out the ocean floor? 2) What device did he use to map out the ocean floor?
1) Harry Hess 2) sonar