The Reading (Lee et al.)
How many knowledge workers participated in Lee et al.'s (2025) study?
319 participants.
What does GPT stand for in ChatGPT?
Generative Pre-trained Transformer.
You're running a race and overtake the person in 2nd place. What place are you in now?
2nd place.
What is the name of the friendly healthcare robot in Disney's Big Hero 6?
Baymax
Which was associated with LESS critical thinking: higher confidence in AI or higher confidence in yourself?
Higher confidence in AI.
What do we call the instructions or questions we give to an AI chatbot?
A prompt.
A bat and a ball cost $1.10 together. The bat costs $1 more than the ball. How much does the ball cost?
$0.05 (5 cents)
What is the name of Tony Stark's AI assistant in the early Iron Man movies?
J.A.R.V.I.S.
Approximately what percentage of the 936 task examples involved self-reported critical thinking?
60%
What is the term for when AI confidently generates false or made-up information?
AI hallucination.
If 5 machines take 5 minutes to make 5 products, how long would 100 machines take to make 100 products?
5 minutes
In 1997, an IBM computer defeated world chess champion Garry Kasparov. What was the computer called?
Deep Blue
Which of Bloom's six cognitive activities showed the SMALLEST reduction in perceived effort when using AI?
Evaluation (55%)
What is cognitive offloading?
Using external tools, including AI, to reduce the mental work we do ourselves.
A product's price increases by 20%, then decreases by 20%. Is the final price higher, lower, or the same as the original?
Lower by 4%
In which 2013 movie does a man fall in love with an AI operating system named Samantha?
Her
According to Lee et al., why can’t we conclude that AI permanently damages critical-thinking abilities?
Because the study measured self-reported experiences, not actual long-term changes in thinking skills. It also cannot establish causation.
Can AI produce an answer that sounds logical, includes real sources, and is still factually incorrect? Why?
Yes. AI can misinterpret sources, take information out of context, or make unsupported conclusions.
Four cards show A, D, 4, and 7. Each card has a letter on one side and a number on the other. A rule says: "If a card has a vowel on one side, it must have an even number on the other." Which cards must you turn over to check the rule?
A and 7
A synthezoid (a living artificial android made of synthetic organic and inorganic material) who serves as a key member of the Avengers.
Vision