A
_______ is an irreversible increase in size (biomass) of a plant.
Growth
Plant shape determined by light quality particularly though relative amounts of red, far-red, and blue light is called__________
Photomorphogenesis
__________ growth is when plants grow horizontally.
Plagiotropic growth
The term for
1 set of chromosomes
2 sets of chromosomes
Haploid 1n
Diploid 2n
In each vegetative cell are pairs of each individual chromosome. These pairs are called ____________.
Homologous Chromosomes
The term _______ refers to the plant’s appearance, behavior, and chemical and physical properties.
Phenotype
The art of joining parts of plants together so they will unite and continue their growth as one plant is termed ______.
grafting
Photosynthesis occurs in the ____________.
Chloroplasts
Generally, the leaves of a given plant species grow ___________ in areas under low light intensity than under high light intensity. This gives them a “leggy” appearance.
a. thinner
b. longer
c. thicker
d. both a and b
e. both b and c
d. both a and b
_________ is a plant’s progress through its lifecycle.
Development
Photoperiodism is the photomorphogenic response to ___________.
a. variations in night length
b. variations in temperature
c. variations in light intensity
d. none of the above
e. variations in day length
e. variations in day length
___________ is when plants grow upright or vertical.
Orthotropic growth
Which of the following is not a characteristic of chromosomes that vary between different plants species?
a. number
b. color
c. size
d. none of the above
e. appearance
b color
Genes are termed _____ to each other if they occupy the same position on homologous chromosomes and affect the same trait
Alleles
When a gene is introduced into a species that otherwise does not have that gene, it is called _________.
Genetic Engineering
The ________ is the recycling of carbon through the process of photosynthesis and respiration.
The Carbon Cycle
The _________ contain pigments capable of intercepting light and converting electromagnetic energy into the chemical energy necessary to drive the photosynthetic processes.
chloroplasts
The light intensity at which photosynthesis and respiration rates are equal is called the _________.
light compensation point
Proteins that regulate structural gene activity are considered ________.
Transcription Factors
Leaves may be __________ when exposed to high light intensities.
a. chilled
b. solarized
c. saturated
d. none of the above
e. girdled
b. Solarized
________ is the term given to a stimulus that promotes flowering.
Florigen
____ is a polymer, a very large molecule made up of many repeating units, but the repeating units called nucleotides can vary.
DNA
A ______ gene is one that causes a certain characteristic to be expressed.
a. recessive
b. dominant
c. mutated
d. none of the above
e. nucleotide
b dominant
The term __________ is used to describe genetically engineered plants.
GMO
The radiant energy is used to synthesize carbon -based molecules called _________from carbon dioxide and water, releasing oxygen in the process.
Carbohydrate
The non- light requiring reaction in photosynthesis where carbon fixation occurs is referred to as __________.
Calvin Cycle
When further increases in light intensity increase photosynthesis, little or not at all the plant is _________.
light saturated.
______ is the angle an object intersects a surface, relative to that surface.
Angle of Incidence
Which of the following is not one of the principal functions of roots in higher plants?
a. Anchoring plants in the soil
b. Storing food materials
c. Absorbing water and mineral nutrients
d. none of the above
e. Conducting water and dissolved minerals, as well as organic materials to other parts of the plant.
d
Fruit, grain, and seed formation starts with ________, which is the transfer of pollen from the anther to a stigma in angiosperms.
pollination
_________ controls the growth process in a cell.
a. Ribonucleic acid
b. Propagation
c. DNA
d. none of the above
e. Fertilization
c DNA
____________ is the union of an egg and sperm (gametes) to form a zygote.
Fertilization
The process of increasing plant numbers is called _________.
Propagation
____________ is the term for the amount of photosynthesis produced above the amount required by the plant itself.
Net Photosynthesis
_________ is the most common form of sugar transported in the plant and is the sweetener we commonly call table sugar.
Sucrose
If light is not limiting, the rate of photosynthetic activity approximately ______ for each 10 °C or 18 °F
increase in temperature for many plant species.
a. cuts in half
b. quadruples
c. doubles
d. none of the above
e. triples
c. doubles
_____________ are used to lower the amount of light absorbed by reducing the angle of incidence of sunlight on the leaf when overheating might occur.
Heliotropic Movements
The flowering of plants species uniformly within certain time limits, allowing most of the fruit to ripen about the same time is referred to as _________.
Determinate
A _________ is a natural substance (produced by the plant itself) that acts to control plant activities.
Hormone
The ____ is the ultimate hereditary unit that functions as a certain part of a chromosome determining the development of a particular characteristics.
gene
With so many cells being involved in the reproduction process, errors can and do occur. When they do they are called __________.
mutations
Which of the following is not one of the four classes of seeds in agronomic crops?
a. Nucleus seed
b. Registered seed
c. Breeder seed
d. none of the above
e. Foundation seed
a. Nucleus
________ is the process of converting light energy into chemical energy in the form of reduced carbon compounds.
Photosynthesis
________ is the basis of many of the fibers that we use for clothing and rope.
Cellulose
Under conditions of low soil moisture and hot drying winds, plants often lose water through transpiration
faster than their roots can absorb it. This causes the _________ to close and the leaves to wilt temporarily.
a. radical
b. epicotyl
c. adventitious roots
d. none of the above
e. stomates
e. stomates