Diabetes
Which term is used to indicate an elevated blood sugar (glucose) level in a patient?
Hyperglycemia
Which patient would be most likely to develop a vitamin B12 deficiency?
A patient who is on a vegetarian diet
A patient with multiple vitamin deficiencies is prescribed oral vitamin C as part of a vitamin supplementation treatment. Which of the following instructions regarding storage of vitamin C should be given to this patient?
“Keep vitamin C tablets away from heat and light sources.”
You are preparing to instill otic drops into the ear canal of an adult. What is the correct technique for giving otic drugs to an adult?
Pull the external ear up and back
A patient who is taking insulin each morning develops symptoms of nervousness, hunger, headache, and difficulty concentrating. Which adverse effect of insulin is this patient experiencing?
Hypoglycemia
Which oral antidiabetic drug belongs to the biguanide class?
Metformin (Glucophage)
A patient in the clinic asks you if she should purchase an expensive brand name multivitamin because cheaper vitamins may not be as good. What is your best response to this patient?
“The cost of the vitamin preparation is not an indication of effectiveness.”
____________ is a mineral essential for the absorption of calcium in the body.
Vitamin D
Which term refers to constriction of the pupil of the eye?
Miosis
For which condition would you expect the healthcare provider to prescribe iron supplementation?
Anemia
A diabetic patient taking metformin (Glucophage) is scheduled for a radiographic scan with contrast dye. What instructions should you provide to this patient?
“Stop taking the metformin at least 24 hours before your scan.”
A patient with depression tells you she is using St. John’s wort to treat her symptoms because she would rather use a natural product, as she already takes many prescription drugs. What is your best response?
“Avoid taking St. John’s wort because it interferes with many prescription drugs.”
Fat-soluble vitamins include:
Vitamin E, Vitamin D, Vitamin A, Vitamin K
A child presents to the clinic with pain and inflammation in his right ear canal. He is diagnosed with an ear infection. There is no drainage present and the tympanic membrane is intact. List the appropriate drug route for treating this condition.
Topical route
Which drug category is associated with pyridoxine deficiency?
Oral contraceptives
What is the main reason that insulin is needed as drug therapy for people who have type 1 diabetes?
The beta cells of the pancreas no longer make insulin
A newly pregnant patient is taking oral vitamin A to encourage embryo growth. What would you include in your teaching plan for this patient?
“Take only the amount prescribed; high doses can cause birth defects.”
Which over-the-counter drug could be dangerous for a recovering alcoholic?
Dextromethorphan cough syrup
The LPN/LVN is preparing to give an eye drop to a patient for glaucoma. Which of the following drugs for glaucoma is a beta blocker?
Timolol (Timoptic)
Which drug overdosage would you expect vitamin K to be given as an antidote?
Warfarin (Coumadin)
A nursing student working with you today is learning about blood glucose control. Which statement made by the student about glucagon demonstrates an understanding of this hormone?
“Glucagon triggers the release of glucose from the liver and skeletal muscle.”
A patient has been admitted for suspected vitamin A overdose. What symptoms would you expect the patient to exhibit?
Yellowing of the skin on the nose and ears and abdominal pain
A newly pregnant woman placed on folic acid states she does not want to take any drugs during her pregnancy. What is your best response?
“Folic acid is given to prevent neural tube defects of the spinal cord.”
Which class of drugs for glaucoma therapy generally is used short term to prevent or reduce increases in intraocular pressure (IOP) after eye surgery rather than for long-term IOP control?
Alpha- Adrenergic agonists
A patient with a chronic malabsorption syndrome has been admitted to the hospital with a severe magnesium deficiency. What complication of magnesium deficiency should you be alert for?
Ventricular tachycardia