Patrol
The area of patrol that receives a disproportionate number of calls for police service and/or has a very high crime rate is known as a
hot spot
In some disputes, someone calls the police about another person as a way of diverting attention from his or her own behavior. This is known as
counterpunching
Criminal investigation offers a clearly defined measure of success. What is this measure?
Arresting the suspect
The main point of the “Broken Windows” essay was
that disorganized neighborhoods contribute to crime.
According to Leovy (Ghettoside), what causes violence?
Policing’s inability to arrest, convict, and incarcerate murderers in inner-cities
Most people believe the police are present even when there is no patrol in the area. What is this referred to as?
The “phantom effect” or “residual deterrence”
_______ are the most visible of prostitutes and easier to apprehend than other prostitutes.
Hookers
If a reported crime cannot proceed for a variety of legal or environmental factors, police may later choose to
unfound the crime
Zero-tolerance policing differs from problem-oriented policing in that
zero tolerance doesn’t attempt to analyze the cause of problems.
What exists when there is a discrepancy between the state of affairs as it is and the state as it ought to be?
A wicked problem
The inefficiency of foot patrol coverage is offset by anticipated gains in what area?
police-community relations
The practice of using informal tactics by police officers to calm a mentally ill person down is known as
psychiatric first aid
Why does robbery have low clearance rates?
It is usually committed by a stranger, affecting the identification of suspects.
What differentiates problem-oriented policing from community policing is the
emphasis on the end product of policing
The Minneapolis Domestic Violence Experiment sought to determine the relative deterrent effects of arrest, mediation, and separation in misdemeanor domestic violence incidents. What did it find about arrest?
Arrests produced lower rates of repeat violence than mediation or separation.
Studies of the 911 call workload give a comprehensive picture of routine police patrol work. From these studies, what percentage of all calls for service was found to involve criminal law enforcement?
20-30 percent
Traditional juvenile units have several responsibilities. What are a few?
Investigating reports of juvenile crime, preparing cases for court, appearing in court
Nationally, only about _____ of all reported index crimes are cleared.
20 percent
The police and the public are coproducers of crime control under what type of policing?
Community policing
The Newark Foot Patrol Experiment found that an increase in the number of foot-patrol officers in an area had
a positive effect on citizens’ attitudes toward the police.
What is the easiest way for a patrol officer to avoid work?
Delay reporting the completion of a call
What are some ways in which officers’ arrest decisions are affected in domestic disturbances?
Private matter
Victim might refuse to pursue case
Want response that is not arrest
Arrest is work and is visible
Domestic violence arrests not valued
According to the text book, researchers have focused on three case solvability factors to examine their influence on investigative effectiveness. What are they?
Case structural factors, organizational factors, and environmental factors
What is the largest criticism/concern surrounding community policing?
whether it is a realistic strategy for the poorest and most crime-ravaged neighborhoods
What effects did the Boston Gun Project, or Operation Cease Fire, have on crime, fear of crime, and satisfaction with the police?
The project lowered crime and fear of crime, and increased residents' satisfaction with the police.