Background
What was the catastrophic event in April, 1996 that prompted the NFA?
The Port Arthur Massacre
Who's framework defines policy success in three ways: programmatic, process, and political
McConnell
Most studies look at long-term service programs, but this case was different because it was this type of success
Preventative success
First reason for political success: B______ C______
bipartisan consensus
NFA rules are ______ across all states and territories
uniform
What major policy success followed this catastrophic event?
The National Firearms agreement
Federal leadership and this type of cooperation made the reforms possible
State
Legitimacy is created when policy _____________ meet policy _____________
Expectations, outcomes
Leaders framed reforms around:
community safety, fairness and national consistency
Implementation relied on Federal-state __________
coordination/cooperation
Which government was in power at the time of the massacre?
Howard Politics
Name one process success in the NFA?
Speed of reform, decisiveness, strong Federal and State cooperation
This factor along with timing and crisis, was crucial for success
Political courage and leadership
NFA was considered a temporal success because it has endured over...
time
Speed must travel with L________
legitimacy
The Port Arthur Massacre created a policy _______
window
How quickly did the Australian government act after the massacre
12 days
Programmatic success means this
Achieving intended outcomes, like reducing gun deaths
Another reason for political success.... L_________
Strong public legitimacy
One programmatic strength
Reduced gun violence and deaths
Over 650,000 _____ were destroyed
firearms and automatic weapons
Process success means this
Effective decision-making and implementation
B___-B____ program helped removed over 650,000 firearms from citizen’s possession
Buy-back program
Third reason for political success...D______
long-run durability across governments
T'hart's fourth dimension to policy success
Temporal endurance (time)