FOREIGN AND INTERNATIONAL IMPACT
What concept describes the condition in which China’s market has significant power in shaping global commerce as a result of the country’s growing middle class, which consists of nearly 550 million people?
Gravitational Pull
Name two cases in which popular demonstrations, which were charged with nationalist fervor, overthrew Chinese regimes.
- The Qing
- The Republic of China
According to Susan Shirk, what is the name of “the group of people within the Party who have effective power to choose the leaders”
The selectorate
Name two out of three elements of China’s counterterrorism strategy in Xinjiang
- Mass internment
- Re-education
- Block the movement of Uyghur citizens internally and internationally
According to Mary Gallagher what phenomenon has allowed China to bypass democratization by empowering winners who then block further reform in order to preserve their position?
Foreign Direct Investment
Name the areas that were allowed to implement low tax and tariff rates as well as flexible investment rules after 1979. The emergence of these places fueled hi tech development and massive growth.
Special Economic Zones
According to Daniel Bell, what are some of the meritocratic features or institutions that exist within democracies?
- The appointment of judges or civil servants
- Unlike appointed leaders in China, they however, exercise authority in a limited domain and are meant to be politically neutral.
- The selection of leaders within political parties and America's original conception of the senate and electoral college.
What is King, Pan, and Roberts’s (KPR) collective action problem theory of China’s internal censorship system?
“The target of censorship is people who … seem to have the potential to generate [anti-government] collective action.”
According to Harry Harding what are the main US foreign policy strategies that can apply to its relationship with China?
- Strike a deal
- Stay the course
- Toughen up
- Also possible: retrenchment
What kind of transformation would we ultimately expect to see in China if the developmental hypothesis/modernization theory was correct?
China’s Democratization
According to Landry Lü & Duan, what are the set of actions in which autocratic leaders maintain their power either by retaining talented technocrats that can advance the economy, or alternatively, retaining loyalists?
Coup proofing
Name the post-1979 policy that decollectivized agriculture, allowing households to farm and keep the surplus after providing a minimum quota to the local government.
The household responsibility system (HRS)
According to Kheng Swe Lim what was the trigger that led to the exacerbation of hostilities in the South China Sea before the administration of Xi Jinping?
He says that “Vietnam and Malaysia’s submission of their claims to the South China Sea to the United Nations Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf on May 6, 2009 were an exogenous shock to the status of regional dynamics as of that time, which pushed the dispute back to the forefront.”
As Thomas Kellogg and Eric Lai discuss, of the nearly 200 people arrested after the 2020 national security law, “most arrests … are linked to one of three aims.” Please name these three aims.
According to Barry Weingast and his colleagues, the hard budget constraint feature of market preserving federalism does not apply to China's central, prefecture, municipal, and country levels because of local control of banks. By contrast to such cases, please name the institution that has been under a hard budget constraint (and that accounted for over 30% of China’s industrial output by 1993).
- Township-village enterprises (TVEs)
- (Millions of them went bankrupt and were taken over by other TVEs)
According to economists, after the USSR started transitioning to a market based system, corrupt government officials stripped state owned firms of their assets. Name at least two reasons that (according to Jean Oi) local governments in China do not rapaciously steal from local enterprises.
According to Victor Cha and Andy Lim what is the concept of predatory liberalism?
“Leveraging the vulnerabilities of market interdependence to exert power over others in pursuit of political goals”
According to Ezra Vogel, what are the five elements of Ye Jianying’s nine-point plan for resolving the Taiwan dispute.
What is the dualist strategy of political selection?
- With their larger data set, Landry Lü & Duan find that China’s leaders select candidates that promote economic growth–but at the lower local, county, and provincial levels
- At the higher levels within the Central Government itself, they make more efforts to promote loyalists and limit disloyal challengers.
- Lower level leaders are seen as less of a direct threat to higher level leaders
Suisheng Zhao emphasizes that the China Model has “a dark side” that comes from the leadership’s emphasis on economic growth at all costs. Name at least three elements of this dark side of the China Model.