UN
How many member-states comprise the UN Security Council? Who are the permanent members?
15, France, UK, US, Russia, China
What is supranationalism?
When an organization, such as the European Union, makes decisions that supersede decisions of individual states.
Which entity within the United Nations can make decisions that are binding on UN members under international law?
The UN Security Council.
According to our reading, poverty is particularly prevalent among which type of people?
Children
According to your reading, what is the name of the statistical measure for income and wealth distribution that tracks inequality within a population?
Gini Coefficient
Which region of the world contributes the most troops to UN peacekeeping?
Asia - Typically developing countries.
The Treaty of Rome established what pre-European Union organization?
It established the European Economic Community (EEC)
What are the two necessary components for a practice to be considered customary international law (CIL)?
A majority of states are doing the practice and they are doing so because of legal obligation (opinio juris).
According to your reading, what is the obesity-hunger paradox?
The idea that due to a lack of affordable healthy food options, particularly in developed countries like the United States, people may be more vulnerable to obesity.
Why was the arrest that Vlad Dzuro took part in so important?
It set a legal precedent for conducting arrests of potential war criminals in the former Yugoslavia. It was significant because they tricked the war criminal into leaving Serbia (where they did not have jurisdiction) and enter into a neighboring country where they had jurisdiction to arrest him.
Article 1 of the UN indicates its goals - what are 2 of the goals?
“To maintain international peace and security”
“To develop friendly relations among nations”
“To cooperate in solving international problems”
“To be a center for harmonizing the actions”
Which 1992 treaty increased supranationalism at the European Union?
Maastricht Treaty
What are three examples of jus cogens (preemptory norms) in international law?
Examples: Genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity, illegal to start wars of aggression
According to the article "Optimists and pessimists on global development," how many people per second are estimated to escape poverty in 2019?
Only 0.5 per second or 1 person every 2 seconds; down from 1 person every second in 2017.
What is the "Three R" approach that Maria created to show how development networks can help intergovernmental organizations fill in gaps in global governance?
Reaching a Wider Audience, Reinforced Messaging and Resource Compilation
What were some of the main shifts in the UN agenda after "An Agenda for Peace" in 1992?
UN needs to do more than just peacekeeping, non-violent threats matter also, human rights and democracy are linked to peace, change in notion of sovereignty = need to focus on internal threats within states also, redefined and broadened peacekeeping of UN
Between the European Commission and the Council of the European Union, which institution represents state-centered interests and which pushes for more integration among European powers?
The European Commission represents the European Ideal, the Council of the European Union guards state sovereignty.
What is soft law and is it legally binding?
Soft law reflects norms and is NOT legally binding. However, sometimes these norms may eventually become legally binding, if they later reach the level of customary international law (CIL).
What are three of the four key structural conditions defining poverty that this week's readings highlight?
A history of exploitation, war and political instability, structural economic conditions, inequality
According to the video that you watched on dependency theory, what types of reforms do the Structural Adjustment Programs of the IMF and World Bank push developing countries to implement?
Free market reforms, privatization of industries and reduction of government budget deficits (reforms associated with capitalism)
What are the six principle organs of the UN as mentioned in the readings?
General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice, Secretariat
According to our reading, what is the "Other Europe?" What are some key elements distinguishing this Other Europe from the rest of Europe?
Other Europe is central and eastern Europe.
Backlash to immigration and refugees, backlash to globalization
When might treaties be binding on states that haven't ratified them?
If the treaty reflects customary international law (CIL) or jus cogens, then it is binding on non-ratifying states.
What are the Sustainable Development Goals? What are four of the initiatives in the Sustainable Development Goals?
An 15 year initiative by the UN aimed at combating global problems.
No poverty, No hunger, Good health, Quality education, Gender equality, Clean water and sanitation, Renewable energy, Good jobs and economic growth, Innovation and infrastructure, Reduced inequalities, Sustainable cities and communities, Responsible consumption, Climate action, Life below water, Life on land, Peace and justice, Partnerships for the goals.
Why did President Erdoğan invade Syria? What are some potential motivations of the invasion? How is the United States involved in this situation?
Erdoğan invaded Syria so that he can push back the Kurdish forces to create a "safe zone" where Syrian refugees in Turkey can be resettled.
He may have been motivated by the presence of Kurdish dissidents in Turkey as well as backlash to Syrian refugees from his constituents.
The United States pulled our forces from northern Syria which allowed Erdoğan to invade.