POLS 363 - CRIME PREVENTION MIDTERM REVIEW

CRIME/FEAR OF CRIME

100

The death of this individual was the catalyst for a polarized social movement, both extremes of which aimed to prevent crime.

Who is Trayvon Martin?

200

"A view of criminal victimization that although not necessarily real, forms the basis for daily inactivity and anxiety" is the definition of what?

What is fear of crime?

300

How does the 2017 NCVS violent crime rate compare to the 2017 UCR violent crime rate?

Significantly higher than UCR data - 2017 NCVS is 5.4 times as high as the UCR violent crime rate.

400

We discussed seven costs of crime/victimization. Name three of them.

• Economic loss • Injuries • Medical care • Lost time from work • CJUS system costs • Medical costs • Intangibles

500

We discussed three problems with the NCVS data. Name two of them.

1. Lack of knowledge about what constitutes various crimes on the part of respondents 2. Respondent recall. 3. Issues with the wording of questions

CRIME PREVENTION

100

This is defined as “any action designed to reduce the actual level of crime and/or the perceived fear of crime.”

What is CRIME PREVENTION?

200

During a Republican candidate debate in 2012, this Governor provided a great example of Hammurabic Law by describing his state’s philosophy on retributive punishment, or “eye for an eye.”

Who is Rick Perry?

300

Historically, the male citizenry used __________ to rotate the responsibility of surveillance, and if the watcher raised the alarm to call for help, this was known as ________.

What are “watch and ward” and “hue and cry”?

400

This theory by Shaw & McKay argues that residential transience leads to a lack of social ties, which in turn results in low informal social control and crime.

What is Social Disorganization Theory?

500

The public health model provides a model of crime prevention that includes the areas of primary, secondary, and tertiary. Which area focuses on individuals/situations that exhibit early signs of a disease/problem?

What is secondary?

EVALUATION

100

This “gold standard” in evaluation design involves random assignment of cases into two groups.

What is an experimental design?

200

The state of Texas wants to determine if the financial benefits of providing a 6-month intensive therapeutic Tx program to incarcerated violent juvenile offenders outweighs the monetary cost of lengthy adult incarceration and recidivism. They aim to conduct this kind of evaluation.

What is a Cost-Benefit Analysis?

300

The police implement a new CP program on campus, and then evaluators survey 300 college students three weeks after implementation to measure perceived changes in crime as part of an outcome evaluation. What is wrong with this evaluation design?

Too short of a follow-up period.

400

Five middle schools in Sacramento want to implement G.R.E.A.T., a program where police officers deliver a multi-week curriculum to students in order to raise their awareness about gangs and to prevent gang involvement. This kind of evaluation will ensure that all program coordinators and police officers are implementing G.R.E.A.T. consistently across all five schools.

What is a process evaluation?

500

What is one problem with relying only on experimental design for CP evaluations?

1. Results are not generalizable 2. Difficult to randomly assign communities to experimental/control groups 3. Failure to consider context

CPTED

100

We discussed SEVEN different elements of defensible space. Name three of them.

1. Territoriality 2. Surveillance 3. Image 4. Milieu 5. Access control 6. Activity support 7. Target hardening

200

This is the planned city that has been the safest city in the nation for 14 years in a row. 

What is Irvine, CA - ZOT ZOT!

300

What does CRAVED stand for, when referring to “hot products” and product design?

Concealable Removable Available Valuable Enjoyable Disposable

400

We used the Netz4Life park project in Santa Ana, CA as an example of CPTED. The grand opening event encouraged interactions between community members and police/firefighters, which speaks to which element of defensible space?

What is Activity Support?

500

We discussed the ability of CPTED efforts as having Type I, II, and III effects, each of which involves the relationships between physical design, intervening factors, and crime. Provide an example of intervening factors in this model.

What are attitudes of users toward their community, feelings of territoriality, or community member efforts?

NEIGHBORHOODS /DISPLACEMENT

100

Reppetto (1976) offers FIVE forms of crime displacement. Name three of them.

What are (1) territorial, (2) temporal, (3) tactical, (4) target, and (5) functional

200

This neighborhood CP approach is ideally proactive in design and should strengthen informal social control within the community.

What is a Neighborhood Watch Group?

300

The Guardian Angels of New York City identify themselves as this type of neighborhood CP approach.

What is a Citizen Patrol?

400

_________ displacement leads to undesirable outcomes such as moving crime to an adjacent area, but ____________ displacement can actually benefit society (i.e. new tactics be less dangerous).

What is malign and benign?

500

This CP effort in England targeted an area with a burglary rate more than twice as high as elsewhere, established “cocoon” neighborhood watch groups, and successfully decreased burglary in the targeted area by 75%.

What is the Kirkholt Burglary Prevention Project?