Types of RNA
used to carry genetic information outside of the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm
what is mRNA?
location of mRNA translation; catalyze the reaction that joins amino acids to make a protein chain
the single DNA strand used during the transcription process of protein synthesis
what is template strand?
the start of protein synthesis; when RNA polymerase molecules attach to a promoter region in DNA
what is initiation?
used to carry a specific amino acid and attach to the mRNA through their anticodon
what is tRNA?
monomer of polypeptides; synthesized by mRNA during translation
what is an amino acid?
mRNA nucleotide triplets
what is codon?
RNA polymerase reads the DNA triplet code and the mRNA transcript gets longer
what is elongation?
helps to link amino acids together; used to synthesize ribosomes
what is rRNA?
the result of translation; polymer of connecting amino acids
what is polypeptide?
the sequence of nucleotides that code for amino acids; in groups of three
what is triplet code?
when the mRNA transcription is complete and mRNA is released for the translation process
what is termination?
uses DNA to create a pre-mRNA transcript; not used during translation
what is RNA polymerase?
a complementary codon to mRNA; used to connect mRNA to tRNA
what is anticodon?
the 5' end of pre-mRNA receives a modified guanine nucleotide
what is a 5' cap?
when sections of mRNA are removed and the remaining sections are joined together
what is RNA splicing?
pre-mRNA that has gone through all necessary modifications and is allowed to leave the nucleus
what is mature mRNA?
the region of a DNA strand where transcription begings
what is a promoter?
the 3’ end of the preMRNA receives adenine nucleotides
what is a poly-a tail?
a single gene that can code for more than one type of polypeptide
what is alternative splicing?