In 1777, the Continental Congress adopted this document, the US’s first Constitution.
What is the Articles of Confederation?
100
The concept of divided power between a central government and regional governments.
What is federalism?
100
This clause delegates to Congress the power “to regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among several states, and with the Indian Tribes.”
What is the commerce clause?
100
The protectors of citizens from improper governmental action; limits on the government’s authority to interfere in certain spheres of activity.
What are civil liberties?
200
The supremacy clause is under this article.
What is Article 6?
200
A rebellion against the Massachusetts government lead by Daniel Shay (a former Army captain). Some believe the Constitutional Convention would have never taken place if it were not for this event.
What is Shay’s Rebellion?
200
The mechanism in which each branch of government is able to participate in and influence the activities of the other branches.
What are checks and balances?
200
A general term for funds given by Congress to state and local governments.
What are grants-in-aid?
200
The right to privacy was confirmed and extended in this 1973 case, considered to be the most important of all privacy decisions, and one of the most important Supreme Court decisions.
What is Roe v. Wade?
300
This power is often used by the body detailed in Article Three, but isn’t expressly written in the Constitution.
What is judicial review?
300
The necessary and proper clause is under this article.
What is the First Article/Article 1?
300
The authority possessed by both state and national governments, such as the power to levy taxes.
What are concurrent powers?
300
Federal funds given to state government to pay for goods, services, or programs, with relatively few restrictions on how the funds may be spent.
The three branches of government in order of appearance in the Constitution.
What is the Legislature, Executive & Judiciary?
400
The system of government that prevailed in the US from 1789 to 1937, in which fundamental governmental powers were shared between the federal and state governments, with the states exercising the most important powers.
What is dual federalism?
400
National standards or programs imposed on state and local governments by the federal governments without accompanying funding or reimbursement.
What are unfunded mandates?
400
Speech NOT protected under the First Amendment.
What is libel, slander, hate speech, or fighting words?
500
An agreement reached at the Constitutional Convention (1787) that gave each state an equal number of senators regardless of its population but linked representation in the House to population.
What is the Great Compromise? (or Connecticut Compromise)
500
The provision in Article 4, Sec. 1, of the Constitution requiring that each state normally honors the public acts and judicial decisions that take place in another state.
What is the full faith and credit clause?
500
A type of federalism existing since the New Deal era, in which grants-in-aid have been used strategically to encourage states and localities (without commanding them) to pursue nationally defined goals.
What is cooperative federalism? (or intergovernmental cooperation)
500
The ruling in this case gave the national government more power by stating there were ‘implied’ powers to the Congress in the Constitution - specifically whether or not the US Congress had the right to create a national bank.