Transcontinental Railroad
What two railroads built the Transcontinental Railroad?
What are the Union Pacific and Central Pacific?
What 1862 law offered settlers 160 acres of land if they worked it for five years?
What is the Homestead Act?
What invention or technology developed by Edison helped transform American industry?
What is the lightbulb?
What did workers form to try to improve their working conditions?
What are Labor Unions?
Which amendment abolished slavery?
What is the 13th Amendment?
Which railroad began in Sacramento and built eastward through the Sierra Nevada?
What is the Central Pacific Railroad?
Who defeated and killed George Armstrong Custer at the Battle of Little Bighorn?
Who are Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse along side Lakota and Cheyenne warriors?
Andrew Carnegie became one of America's major industrial leaders in what industry?
What is Steel?
What were three major goals of labor unions?
What are better wages, shorter hours, and safer working conditions?
Which amendment granted citizenship to former slaves and guaranteed equal protection under the law?
What is the 14th Amendment?
In 1869, the rails of the two companies met at this location in Utah, where a ceremonial spike marked completion of the railroad.
What is Promontory Summit/ Golden Spike?
What resource was critical for the tribes out on the plains?
What is the Buffalo
What happened to many American workers as industrialization expanded?
What is many shifted from farm work to factory work?
What happened during the Haymarket Riot?
What is a rally supporting the eight-hour workday ended after a bomb was thrown at police?
What Supreme Court case established the "separate but equal" doctrine?
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
Why was building through the Sierra Nevada especially difficult for the Central Pacific?
What is the mountains had rocky and snowy terrain, requiring dangerous blasting to build through them?
How did the Dawes Act cause Native Americans to lose land?
What is Tribal lands were divided into individual family plots, and land considered "excess" was sold off?
Why did cities grow rapidly during industrialization?
What is industrialization created factory jobs that attracted workers, including immigrants, to cities?
How were the Knights of Labor and the AFL different?
The Knights of Labor sought broad social reforms and included a wider range of workers, while the AFL focused more on practical goals such as wages, hours, and workplace safety.
How did the Civil Rights Cases of 1883 and Plessy v. Ferguson each weaken protections for African Americans?
The Civil Rights Cases weakened federal power to prohibit discrimination by private individuals and businesses, while Plessy v. Ferguson gave constitutional support to racial segregation through the "separate but equal" doctrine.
Explain how the changes brouht on by the railroad could help connect the eastern and western parts of the United States economically.
Faster and cheaper transportation made it easier for people and goods to move across the country, encouraging settlement and economic development in the West.
Why did westward expansion create conflict between the United States and Native Americans? Use a specific examples from the study guide.
Expansion took Native American land and disrupted traditional ways of life. Examples include railroad construction, reservation policies, the Dawes Act, and conflicts such as Little Bighorn and Wounded Knee.
Industrialization created more jobs and economic growth, but also created poor working and living conditions. Explain how factory growth could contribute to both of these outcomes.
Factories created large numbers of jobs and increased production, but many workers received low pay, worked long hours, and faced dangerous conditions. Rapid population growth also contributed to overcrowded housing and poor sanitation.
Why did labor unions struggle to achieve their goals during the late 1800s? Give an example of how employers or the government responded to strikes.
Employers could use guards to oppose workers, as at Homestead. The government could use federal troops to break strikes, as during the Pullman Strike. Courts also issued injunctions against strikes.
What dose the term a "Buff" reffer to?
What is New York Volunteer firefighter or a fan of something?