Laws designed by white southerners to prevent African Americans from achieving social, political, and economic equality with whites.
What were the Black Codes?
100
The author of the so-called 10% plan.
Who was Abraham Lincoln?
100
Organization set up by Congress to help the southerners at the end of the Civil War with food and clothing. They also served as an employment agency, set up hospitals, and operated schools.
What was the Freedmen's Bureau?
100
African American who believed that African Americans should concentrate on achieving economic independence, seeking practical training, and avoiding protests.
Who was Booker T. Washington?
100
They were locked into a cycle of debt, owing money to the company store and paid low wages
Who were the southern factory workers?
200
Laws that enforced segregation.
What were the Jim Crow laws?
200
The leader during the Reconstruction period who was unsuccessful in rising to the challenges of Reconstruction.
Who was Andrew Johnson?
200
A particularly severe economic depression that divided the Republican Party.
What was the Panic of 1873?
200
Black reformer who worked against lynching in the South and advised African Americans to leave that area.
Who was Ida B. Wells?
200
Term for the separation of races.
What was segregation?
300
This organization spread the views of the Republican Party to freed slaves,as well as to poor whites.
What was the Union League?
300
A former slave who wanted every black man, in every state, to have the right to vote.
Who was Frederick Douglass?
300
In return for the Democrats' acceptance of Hayes as president, the Republican agreed to withdraw federal troops from the South. Many of the reforms of Reconstruction were overturned in the South.
What was the Compromise of 1877?
300
Congressional opponents of white southerners, these Republicans wanted land reform and rights for African Americans.
Who were the Radical Republicans?
300
Two churches that grew rapidly during Reconstructio
What were the African Methodist Episcopal Church, the AME Zion Church, and the African American Baptist Church?
400
A terrorist organization that wanted to destroy the Republican Party, to keep African Americans from voting, and to frighten African American political leaders into submission.
What was the Ku Klux Klan?
400
Supporters of white controlled governments, who set out to win their states back from the Republicans.
Who were the Redeemers?
400
Farmers who worked a parcel of land in return for a share of the crop, a cabin, seed, tools, and a mule.
Who were the sharecroppers?
400
Two cities in which race riots occurred.
What were Memphis and New Orleans?
400
The first woman in the United States to become a millionaire.
Who was Madame C.J. Walker?
500
Disagreed on issues like land reform but hoped to seize economic and political power from the planters, then rebuild the South, improving conditions for the poor whites and African Americans.
What was the Republican Alliance?
500
Candidate who lost to Rutherford B. Hayes in the election of 1876
Who was Samuel Tilden?
500
Methods by which the South deprived African Americans of their right to vote.
What were poll taxes and literacy tests?
500
Violation of this act served as a pretext for Congressional Republicans to impeach Andrew Johnson.