Definitions
The cessation of menstruation with advanced age is known as menopause. Another name for menopause is...
What is climacteric?
With endometrial atrophy, the endometrium should not exceed
What is 4mm?
True or false? In a postmenopausal woman, the uterine to body ratio resembles that of a prepubertal woman
True
Most common cause of postmenopausal bleeding (without HRT)
What is endometrial atrophy?
The age range at which menopause occurs
What is 44-55 years old?
the surgical removal of the uterus is known as _______, whereas the surgical removal of the ovaries is known as _______?
What is hysterectomy/oophorectomy?
An asymptomatic 65-year-old patient presents with pelvic pain but no vaginal bleeding. Her endometrium should not exceed..
What is 8mm?
The sonographic appearance of a 56-year-old woman on HRT appears:
A. hypoechoic and thickened
B. hyperechoic and thin
C. cystic areas within a thickened endometrium
D. varies with the menstrual cycle
D. varies with the menstrual cycle
Most common cause of postmenopausal bleeding (with HRT)
What is estrogen administration?
A 32-year-old patient is scheduled for a SIS complaining of intermenstrual bleeding and infertility. A mass is found emanating from the myometrium and distorting the endometrial cavity. What is the most likely diagnosis?
What is an submucosal leiomyoma/fibroid?
An increase in the number of endometrial cells is known as?
hint : this condition is common in postmenopausal women
What is endometrial hyperplasia ?
In a postmenopausal patient who presents with vaginal bleeding, their endometrium should not exceed..
What is 4mm?
Why are postmenopausal ovaries more difficult to visualize?
A. They become hyperechoic and lose cystic appearance
B. They become more anechoic
C. They become enlarged and more hyperechoic
D. They become smaller and lose their follicles
D. They become smaller and lose their follicles
Most common female genital tract malignancy, with PMB being the most common clinical presentation
What is endometrial carcinoma?
All of these are indications for a sonohysterogram EXCEPT..
A. Abnormal uterine bleeding
B. Infertility
C. Congenital abnormalities of the uterus
D. Patient has a known pelvic infection
What is patient has a known pelvic infection? This is actually a contraindication for SIS.
A fibroid found within the uterine cavity is known as _____, whereas a fibroid found within the myometrium is known as _____?
What is submucosal/intramural fibroid?
Premature menopause occurs if a women is younger than
What is <40 years old?
The breast cancer treatment drug that may alter the sonographic appearance on the endometrium
What is tamoxifen ?
Commonly used as a tumor marker for endometrial carcinoma
All of these are contraindications for a sonohysterogram except..
A. Patient has an pelvic inflammatory disease
B. Patient is 6 weeks pregnant
C. Patient has Asherman syndrome
D. Patient is struggling with infertility
D. Patient is struggling with infertility
The removal of tissue from the endometrium by scraping is termed
What is curettage ?
During a transvaginal exam of a postmenopausal patient, you notice some free fluid in the endometrial cavity. This is considered normal as a result of what?
What is endometrial atrophy?
In a postmenopausal patient who underwent breast cancer treatment, how will Tamoxifen affect the appearance of the endometrium?
A. thickened endometrium
B. thin endometrium with cystic changes
C. No known affects to the endometrium
D. cystic changes within a thickened endometrium
What is D. cystic changes within a thickened endometrium?
What phase of the menstrual cycle is the optimal time for performing a sonohysterogram?
What is early proliferative phase?