Augustus – Rise to Power
Who was Augustus originally born as?
Gaius Octavius (Octavian).
What title did the Senate give Octavian in 27 BC?
Augustus
Which emperor adopted Hadrian?
Trajan
hich emperor rebuilt the Pantheon?
Hadrian
Which Roman historian wrote The Annals?
Tacitus
Which Roman dictator adopted Octavian in his will?
Julius Caesar.
What document records Augustus' achievements in his own words?
Res Gestae Divi Augusti.
What famous wall did Hadrian build in Britain?
Hadrian's Wall.
Where was Hadrian's enormous villa located?
Tivoli
Who wrote The Twelve Caesars?
Suetonius
What alliance did Octavian form with Antony and Lepidus in 43 BC?
The Second Triumvirate.
What does the phrase "Princeps" mean?
First Citizen.
Why did Hadrian build the wall?
To defend the frontier, control movement and mark the limits of the Empire.
What was the purpose of Augustus' Forum?
Political prestige, law courts and honouring Mars Ultor.
Which source is considered Augustus' own account of his reign?
Res Gestae.
Which naval battle in 31 BC secured Octavian's victory over Antony and Cleopatra?
Battle of Actium.
Name one monument Augustus used to promote his image.
Ara Pacis, Forum of Augustus, Mausoleum of Augustus.
Why did Hadrian abandon Trajan's eastern conquests?
They were expensive and difficult to defend.
What famous quote summarises Augustus' building program?
"I found Rome a city of brick and left it a city of marble."
Why must historians treat the Res Gestae carefully?
It is political propaganda written by Augustus.
Why was the Battle of Actium so significant?
It ended the civil wars and allowed Octavian to become sole ruler of Rome.
Why was the Ara Pacis effective propaganda?
It linked Augustus with peace, prosperity, family values and divine favour.
How did Hadrian strengthen the empire without expanding it?
Consolidated borders, travelled the provinces, improved administration and strengthened the army.
How did architecture strengthen imperial authority?
It displayed wealth, stability, religious authority and imperial power.
Which source provides evidence for Hadrian's travels across the Empire?
Historia Augusta (with caution), inscriptions, coins and archaeological evidence.