Nursing Considerations
How may grams is 1mL of blood?
1gm. It is a 1:1 ratio
True or False: Rashes may develop immediately or even weeks after a medication is discontinued.
True
Standard treatment for appendicitis includes:
Appendectomy (surgical removal) and antibiotics
It is estimated that 10% of the population will suffer from this at some point.
Appendicitis
Diarrhea and rash
Signature assessment finding of ruptured appendix:
Rebound tenderness
How much blood loss is diagnostic of a PPH?
Generally 1000mL but can be less if symptoms of hypovolemia are present.
Position the child with anaphylaxis supine with legs elevated to maximize blood pressure and venous return. Do not allow the child to stand or walk abruptly, as this can cause:
Fatal hypotension
70-80% of all PPH are caused by what?
Uterine atony
In extreme circumstances, severe PPH may require _______ if unable to control bleeding.
hysterectomy
How is QBL calculated?
QBL=total weight-minus dry weight
Right lower quadrant of abdomen roughly where the appendix lies and appendicitis associated abdominal pain is most often felt is referred to as:
McBurney's Point
Jada and Bakri
Anxiety and depression can be possible side effects of what group of medications?
Antibiotics
700-800mL/min
Patient's with a high PPH risk should have what prior to delivery? (list at least 2)
2 large bore IVs
Current type and screen and CBC
Type and crossmatch 2 units PRBCs
What is the difference between a primary and secondary postpartum hemorrhage?
Primary is within 24 hours after birth, secondary is greater than 24 hours and up to 12 weeks.
Epinephrine dosing for children/infants:
Always dose based on weight (0.01 mg/kg).
Having a history of postpartum hemorrhage
What uterotonic medication cannot be given to patient's with hypertension?
Methergine (methylergonovine)
A severe hypersensitivity reaction where children may develop flu-like symptoms, painful sores, swelling of the face, and light sensitivity.
Stevens-Johnson syndrome
What are the main causes (4 Ts) of PPH?
Tone
Tissue
Thrombin
Trauma
Frequent fundal massage, uterotonic administration (usually oxytocin), measuring accurate QBL.
What antibiotics are most likely to cause a reaction in children?
Penicillins and Cephalosporins
Secondary to rupturing of the appendix, fluid and pus flow into the peritoneum and surround the appendix. This is called:
Periappendiceal abscess