Placental complications
This carries a great risk for hemorrhage.
What is placental abruption
Defined as high blood pressure present before pregnancy or before the 20th week of gestation
What is Chronic hypertension
Most common complication for a pre-term newborn
What is respiratory distress
Characterized by high blood sugar levels, can increase the risk of complications such as preterm birth
What is Diabetes
Can be given between 24-34 weeks gestation.
What are corticosteroids
Placenta covering the cervical opening
What is placenta previa
New onset BP after 20 weeks
What is gestational hypertension
Common GI issues for the pre-term newborn
What is difficult to maintain the suck, swallow and breathing pattern needed for feeding orally, risk for malnutrition, ischemia/damage to intestinal wall due to shunting of blood due to hypoxia
Women with this previous pregnancy complication are at a higher risk of experiencing preterm labor in subsequent pregnancies
What is history of preterm birth
Do not prevent preterm birth
What are tocolytics
Previous placenta previa, Previous cesarean birth, Multiple gestation, Increasing parity, Increasing maternal age, Previous uterine surgical procedure, Infertility treatment
What are risks for placenta previa
Most common hypertensive disorder of pregnancy
What is pre-eclampsia
Etiology of pre-term birth
What are Infections, inflammation, maternal or fetal distress, bleeding, stretching
Characterized by repeated interruptions in breathing during sleep, is associated with an increased risk of hypertension during pregnancy.
What is moderate to severe sleep apnea
High risk patients should be offered this at 16 weeks gestation.
What is progesterone
Previous placental abruption, Hypertension, Uterine structural anomaly, Cigarette use (synergistic with hypertension) Cocaine use, Having been a small-for-gestational-age infant, Sibling who experienced placental abruption, Major fetal anomaly, Fetal growth restriction, Assistive reproductive technology use
What are risks for placental abruption
Proteinuria
Problems of the respiratory system for the pre-term newborn
What are surfactant deficiency, unstable chest wall, immature respiratory control centers, underdeveloped (small) respiratory passages, inability to clear fluid from passages
Having this in your family can increase the risk of pregnancy-related complications, such as preeclampsia and gestational hypertension
What is a family history of cardiovascular disease
Change or increase in vaginal discharge with mucus, water, or blood in it, Pelvic pressure (pushing-down sensation), Low, dull backache, Menstrual-like cramps, Urinary tract infection symptoms, Feeling of pelvic pressure or fullness
What are symptoms of preterm labor
Constant pain, uterine tenderness, uterus firm to rigid
What are manifestations of placental abruption
Seizure activity
What is a sign of eclampsia
Common renal problem for pre-term newborns
What are the inability to clear drugs and inability to concentrate urine
Pregnant women in this age group are at a higher risk for complications such as preeclampsia
What is older than 40 years of age
Magnesium sulfate (relaxant), indomethacin (prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor), nifedipine (calcium channel blocker)
What are common medications given for preterm labor