Practica Dr dilemma unimetro 2025 #3

NEPHROLOGY

100

• The salt intake recommended by the KDIGO guidelines for patients with chronic kidney disease is

Less than 5 grams of salt per day

200

• The target systolic blood pressure in patients with chronic kidney disease and hypertension is

<120mmHg

300

• The characteristic renal biopsy finding in drug-induced interstitial nephritis is

Interstitial infiltrate with predominance of lymphocytes and eosinophils        

400

• The serological test most frequently associated with membranous nephropathy is

Anti-PLA2R antibodies

500

• The recommended equation to calculate the 2 and 5 year risk of progression to end stage renal disease in patients with an eGFR less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 is

KFRE (Kidney failure rish equation)

Gastroenterology

100

• This is the best predictor of mortality risk in patients with descompensated cirrhosis

MELD score

200

• This is the preferred treatment for localized HCC in patients without cirrhosis

Surgical resection

300

• Drug associated with a debated risk of bladder cancer and weight gain

Pioglitazone

400

• In autoimmune hepatitis, this is the maximum time allowed to achieve a complete biochemical response after starting treatment

No more than 6 months

500

• This pharmacological treatment is recommended for IBS with predominant diarrhea (IBS-D)

Eluxadoline

ONCOLOGY

100

• This procedure is recommended for risk reduction in women with BRCA1 or BRC2 mutations

Prophylactic bilateral Mastectomy

200

• This is the recommended age range for colorectar cancer screening in patients with average risk

50-75 years

300

• What is the most common paraneoplastic syndrome associated with small cell lung cancer (SCLC)

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)

400

• Which monoclonal antibody is commonly used as a first-line treatment for patients with high PD-L1 expression in NSCLC

Pembrolizumab

500

• This genetic marker in the multitarget stool DNA test is used to detect mutations related to colorectar cancer

KRAS mutations

ENDOCRINOLOGY

100

• The FDA approved antiobesity drug that acts as an agonist of both the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor and the glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP1) receptor

Tirzepatide

200

• Mention two anabolic agents used in the treatment of osteoporosis

Teriparatide and romosozumab

300

• The family of antidiabetic medications that cause osteoporosis

Thiazolidinediones

400

• The BMI value associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis

<17kg/m2

500

• The condition often misdiagnosed as obesity, typically associated with joint hypermobility and skin bruising

Lipedema

PULMONOLOGY

100

• These criteria indicate the need for initiating long term oxygen therapy in COPD patients

PaO2 <= 55 mmHG or SaO2 <= 88%

200

• This lab test is used to guide the decision to initiate or discontinue inhaled corticosteroids in COPD

Eosinophil count

300

• This is the recommended tool by WHO for the diagnosis of both pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB

Nucleic Acid Amplification test (NAAT)

400

• This is the minimum recommended duration of oxygen use in COPD patients

At least >= 15 hours/day

500

• This BMI value is considered a biological risk factor for the progression from latent TB to active infection

<20 kg/m2