Infectious Diseases
Genus and species for the causative spirochete of syphilis
Treponema pallidum
Urticaria pigmentosa, recurrent anaphylaxis, and elevated tryptase level
Mastocytosis (also accept cutaneous mastocytosis)
Acute MI mimicker that occurs predominantly in older women who may have normal coronary arteries but an abnormal echocardiogram
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (accept Takotsubo syndrome, TTS, stress cardiomyopathy, broken heart syndrome)
Most commonly used antipneumocystis medication
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (accept trim-sulfa, Bactrim, Septra)
Cause of acute lower abdominal pain, hematochezia and pale colonic mucosa with petechial bleeding
Ischemic colitis
Common antibiotic that can be used for malarial prophylaxis anywhere in the world
Doxycycline
The only FDA-approved long-acting muscarinic antagonist to treat asthma
Tiotropium bromide (accept tiotropium or Spiriva)
Antiplatelet prodrug that requires two enzymatic conversions in the liver before being active
Clopidogrel (accept Plavix)
Drug used in treatment of malignant hyperthermia
Dantrolene (accept Dantrium, Revonto, Ryanodex)
Most common symptom of eosinophilic esophagitis
Dysphagia for solid food
Color which gram-positive organisms stain when viewed with light microscopy
Purple
Resin found in poison ivy and mango peel that causes dermatitis
Urushiol
Restrictive cardiomyopathy that has a 'speckled pattern' in echocardiogram
Cardiac amyloidosis (accept amyloidosis)
Gold standard diagnostic test for cardiac allograft rejection
Endomyocardial biopsy (accept biopsy)
Syndrome characterized by common hepatic duct obstruction caused by an extrinsic compression from an impacted stone in the cystic duct
Mirizzi syndrome
Tapeworm infection causing vitamin B12 deficiency
Diphyllobothriasis (accept Diphyllobothrium latum or D. nihonkaiense, but NOT D. pacificum)
Gas used to diagnose asthma by measuring fractional excretion
Nitric oxide
First SGLT2 inhibitor approved for the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in adults with and without type 2 diabetes
Dapagliflozin (accept Farxiga)
Chloride salt infusion used to treat methemoglobinemia and refractory septic shock
Methylene blue (accept methylthioninium chloride)
Procedure for dilating a tubular organ such as the esophagus through introduction of a tapered dilator
Bougienage
Candida species intrinsically resistant to fluconazole
C. krusei
Hypersensitivity reaction caused by administration of nonhuman sera or foreign proteins
Type III hypersensitivity reaction (accept immune complex-dependent reaction or serum sickness)
Two cardiac valves in which regurgitation can cause a pulsatile liver
Tricuspid and aortic
Anaphylaxis, followed by an asymptomatic period, with a return of anaphylactic symptoms without reexposure
Biphasic anaphylaxis (also accept rebound anaphylaxis)
Syndrome of gastrointestinal bleeding from angiodysplasia in the presence of aortic stenosis
Heyde syndrome