Terminology
Name all the nuclear tones in English
The Rising, the Falling, the Falling-Rising, the Rising-Falling nuclear tones
Name the 4 functions of intonation
Delimitative, accentual, communicative proper, attitudinal
Name the phonetic phenomenon which takes place within the following word:
bookcase
Complete loss of plosion
Which word in an utterance usually becomes the nucleus?
The last notional word
Name the three monosyllabic prepositions which are never reduced.
'In', 'on', 'off'
What is a fully stressed syllable with attached unstressed syllables called?
Accentual-rhythmic group
Identify the function of intonation reflected in the following sentences:
It's mine.
It's mine?
Communicative proper
Name the phonetic phenomenon which takes place at the junction of the following words:
Near a lake
Linking /r/
Which word in an utterance usually becomes the onset?
The first notional word
What are the peculiarities of reduction of the words 'the' and 'to'?
They are reduced in different ways depending on the first sound of the word following them.
Name the phonetic term defined as 'the relative equality of time intervals at which stressed syllables occur in an utterance'.
Isochrony
Read the answer line correctly and identify the fucntion of intonation reflected in it.
- Will anyone send this letter tomorrow?
- I'll take care of that.
- I'll take care of that.
Accentual function
Name the phonetic phenomenon which takes place within the following word:
anthem
Regressive assimilation affecting the place of articulation
Name 3 types of words that are considered to be notional.
Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, etc.
In which cases is the verb 'to have' reduced and in which it's not?
When 'to have' is the main verb then it's not reduced. When it's an auxiliary verb it is.
Give the definition of 'intonation'.
A complex unity of the pitch, loudness, tempo and timbre of the voice communicating ideas
Pronounce the following utterance in two different ways (excited and ironic). Give context to both. Identify the function of intonation.
- Brilliant!
Attitudinal (modal-emotional)
Name the phonetic phenomenon which may take place at the junction of the following words:
my own
Intrusive /r/
Name 5 types of words that are considered to be functional.
Conjunctions, articles, particles, personal pronouns, prepositions, modal verbs, auxiliary verbs, etc.
In which cases is the word 'that' reduced and in which it's not?
When 'that' is a conjunction, it's reduced. When it's a demonstrative pronoun, the full-quality vowel is pronounced.
What is the difference between terms 'tone' and 'tune'
The notion of 'tune' is wider. It is used to refer to the pitch pattern of the whole intonation-group
Explain the joke and identify the fucntion of intonation.
A panda walks into a cafe. He orders a sandwich, eats it, then draws a gun and fires two shots in the air and goes away.
"Why?" asks the confused waiter.
"I'm a panda," he says, at the door. "Look it up."
The panda produces a badly punctuated wildlife annual and tosses it over his shoulder.
The waiter reads: "Panda. Large black-and-white bear-like mammal, native to China. Eats, shoots and leaves.”
Eats shoots and leaves.
Delimitative
Name the phonetic phenomenon which takes place within the following word:
drill
Reciprocal (double assimilation):
regressive assimilation affecting the place of articulation & progressive assimilation affecting the manner of articulation
What are the two factors that determine the occurence and distribution of utterance-stress.
Rhythmic and semantic.
Name 3 words that are never reduced in an unstressed position.
This, these, those, how, when, what, why, so, then, etc.