Colonial Economies
What cash crop saved Jamestown’s economy?
Tobacco
Spain’s three main goals in colonization were known as “_____.”
God, Gold, and Glory
Which rebellion in 1676 revealed tensions between poor farmers and wealthy planters?
Bacon’s Rebellion
Colonies exist to benefit the mother country.
Mercantilism
Which region had rocky soil and focused on shipbuilding and trade?
New England
This religious group founded Pennsylvania under William Penn and believed in equality, pacifism, and fair treatment of Native Americans.
Who were the Quakers?
What type of farming was most common in New England?
Subsistence farming
What system did the Spanish use to control Native American labor?
Encomienda System
What was the main cause of the Stono Rebellion?
Resistance to slavery
Trade route connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas?
Triangular Trade
Which colonies were founded for religious freedom?
Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Maryland
This colony, founded by the Puritans, sought to build a “city upon a hill” as a model of Christian virtue.
What is Massachusetts Bay Colony?
The Middle Colonies were known as the “___________” colonies because of their grain production.
Breadbasket
Which English colony was founded as a refuge for Catholics?
Maryland
What was the main result of Bacon’s Rebellion? →
Shift from indentured servitude to African slavery
The brutal journey of enslaved Africans to the Americas.
“Middle Passage”
What Native American crop became vital to European settlers?
Corn (maize)
This Puritan woman was banished from Massachusetts Bay for challenging church leaders and promoting her own interpretations of the Bible.
Who was Anne Hutchinson?
What labor system did early Virginia rely on before slavery became dominant?
Indentured servitude
What was one major difference between Spanish and English colonization?
Spain sought wealth and conversion; England sought settlement and self-government.
What law system became stricter after the Stono Rebellion?
Slave codes
Most lucrative item exchanged between Africa and the Americas during the Triangular Trade?
Slaves for raw materials like sugar and tobacco.
hat Native American technique allowed desert peoples like the Pueblo to grow crops?
Irrigation systems
This minister founded Rhode Island after being banished from Massachusetts Bay for promoting religious freedom and separation of church and state.
Who was Roger Williams?
Name the most important geographical influenced the economy of the Chesapeake region.
Fertile soil and long growing season supported plantation agriculture.
What was the first representative government in the English colonies?
The Virginia House of Burgesses
What did both rebellions reveal about early colonial society?
Deep social and racial divisions.
What European nation first began the transatlantic slave trade?
Portugal
Which form of government allows citizens to elect representatives to make laws?
Representative Democracy
This 1620 document, signed aboard a ship bound for the New World, established self-government through majority rule and became a foundation for democratic principles in the English colonies.
Mayflower Compact?