Ethical & Legal Issues
What is the name of the primary ethical code that guides school counselors?
The American School Counselor Association (ASCA) Ethical Standards for School Counselors.
Who developed the Person-Centered counseling approach?
Carl Rogers.
According to Erikson, what is the primary developmental challenge of adolescence?
Identity vs. Role Confusion.
What does the acronym SAT stand for in school assessments?
Scholastic Aptitude Test.
What is the term for a team of school professionals who meet to address student concerns?
Student Support Team (SST), Child Study Team (CST) or Response to Intervention Team (RTI).
What federal law protects the confidentiality of student education records?
The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA).
Which cognitive-behavioral technique involves helping students challenge irrational thoughts?
Cognitive restructuring.
What learning theory emphasizes reinforcement and punishment?
Behaviorism (B.F. Skinner).
Which type of data is primarily used to evaluate the effectiveness of a counseling intervention after it has been implemented?
Summative data.
What is the main purpose of a 504 Plan?
To provide accommodations for students with disabilities who do not qualify for an IEP.
When can a school counselor break confidentiality with a student?
When there is a risk of harm to the student or others, or in cases of abuse or neglect.
What is the main focus of Solution-Focused Brief Therapy?
Identifying and building on student strengths and solutions rather than problems.
At what Piagetian stage do children develop logical thinking but struggle with abstract concepts?
Concrete Operational Stage (ages 7-11).
What does an Individualized Education Plan (IEP) provide for students?
Customized learning accommodations and goals for students with disabilities.
What is the primary role of a school counselor when working with teachers?
To provide support and strategies to improve student success.
According to ASCA, school counselors should advocate for which type of access to education?
Equitable access for all students.
In psychoanalytic theory, what is the term for unconscious protective strategies against anxiety?
Defense mechanisms.
What is Vygotsky’s term for the gap between what a student can do independently and what they can achieve with guidance?
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD).
What type of assessment evaluates student progress over time?
Formative assessment.
Which type of consultation involves a counselor directly teaching a skill to students in the classroom?
Collaborative consultation.
What legal case established that school personnel can be held liable for student safety in a counseling context?
Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California
Which theorist is known for Reality Therapy and Choice Theory?
William Glasser
What is the name of Maslow’s highest level of human needs?
Self-actualization.
Which law requires schools to use data-driven decision-making for students with disabilities?
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).
Name the key advantage of using community partnerships in school counseling.
They provide additional resources and support for students and families.