Dysarthria
Which of the following is a common articulation error type a person with dysarthria might do?
A. Distortions
B. Substitutions
C. Omissions
D. Additions
What are distortions?
Which of the following is NOT a swallowing maneuver-motor with swallow?
A. Breath-Holding Techniques
B. Mendelsohn Maneuver
C. Effortful Swallow
D. EMST
What is EMST?
This is responsible for balance, coordination, and posture. It is also related to cognition, speech, and language.
A. Brainstem
B. Cerebrum
C. Cerebellum
D. Amygdala
What is the cerebellum?
A) Angelman Syndrome
B) Fragile X Syndrome
C) Apert Syndrome
D) CHARGE Syndrome
What is Apert Syndrome?
Which of the following is NOT a normal disfluency?
A. whole word
B. part word repetition
C. whole phrase
D. interjections
What is part word repetition?
This type of dysarthria main etiologies are cerebellar stroke/injury and atrophy of cerebellum.
A. Flaccid
B. Spastic
C. Ataxic
D. Hypokinetic
What is Ataxic?
Which of the following below could be symptom if someone had a a tracheoesophageal fistula?
A. abnormal hole between trachea + esophagus
B. pharynx herniation, food collects in pouch
C. residue at top of airway
D. vallecular residue after swallow
What is abnormal hole between trachea +esophagus?
Which two extrinsic muscles elevate the larynx?
A. Infrahyoid and suprahyoid
B. Stylopharyngeus and infrahyoid
C. Suprahyoid and Stylopharyngeus
D. Posterior Cricoarytenoid and suprahyoid
What are the suprahyoid and stylopharygneus?
A person with this syndrome will have a distinctive facial appearance by having large ears, short webbed neck, widely spaced eyes, low hairline, short stature, congenital heart defects, and a learning disability. They will also have a sensorineural hearing loss, feeding difficulty, and developmental delay.
A. Crouzon Syndrome
B. Noonan Syndrome
C. Pierre-Robin Syndrome
D. Treacher-Collins Syndrome
What is Noonan Syndrome?
Ssssssssssssally took my ball is an example of
A. sound prolongation
B. block
C. part word repetition
D. interjection
What is a sound prolongation?
When someone has this type of dysarthria, they have a breathy, wet, or hoarse voice. Their voice will be low intensity and monoloud. They decrease in ability to phonate over time. They will also be hypernasal with nasal emissions. They sound unintelligibile, use imprecise consonants, DDKs may be slow and slurred, and have tongue fasciculations.
A. Flaccid
B. Spastic
C. Hyperkinetic
D. Hypokinetic
What is Flaccid?
This is designed to improve UES opening; patient lays flat, raises their head (looks at toes) + holds that position for about 1 min x 3 reps.
A. EMST
B. CTAR
C. Shaker Head Lift
D. Lingual Resistance
What is Shaker Head Lift?
This area is where complex language related functions occur.
A) Broca's area
B) Angular Gyrus
C) Heschl's Gyrus
D) Primary Motor area
What is angular gyrus?
A person with this syndrome will have micrognathia (smaller lower jaw), glossoptosis (retraction of tongue), and cleft palate.
A. Pierre-Robin Syndrome
B. Stickler Syndrome
C. Turner Syndrome
D. Angelman Syndrome
What is Pierre-Robin Syndrome?
A. Psychogenic stuttering
B. Neurogenic stuttering
C. Childhood onset stuttering
What is childhood onset stuttering?
A person with this type of dysarthria will have involuntary movements at rest and during speech. They will also have articulatory breakdowns and have involuntary voice stoppages.
A. Flaccid
B. Spastic
C. Hyperkinetic
D. Hypokinetic
What is hyperkinetic?
This type of swallow tries to protect airway at level of true vocal folds. When doing this type of swallow, you take a deep breath (inhale) and hold, keep holding your breath as you swallow, and cough immediately after swallow.
A. Effortful Swallow
B. Mendelsohn Maneuver
C. Supraglottic Swallow
D. Super-Supraglottic Swallow
What is supraglottic swallow?
What does diencephalon do?
A. Makes up cerebral cortex
B. Regulates movement
C. Relays sensory info
D. Connects endocrine with nervous system
What is connects endocrine with nervous system?
A) Trisomy 13
B) Usher Syndrome
C) Crouzon Syndrome
D) Moebius Syndrome
What is Trisomy 13?
This fluency disorder is characterized by irregular speaking rate, excessive normal disfluencies, and excessive repetitions. This can co-occur with language, articulation, attention, and other disorders.
A. Neurogenic Stuttering
B. Cluttering
C. Psychogenic Stuttering
D. Childhood Onset Stuttering
What is cluttering?
The main etiologies of this type of dysarthria are CVA, Degenerative Disease, TBI, Infection (Meningitis), and Cerebral Palsy.
A. Flaccid
B. Spastic
C. Hypokinetic
D. Hyperkinetic
What is Spastic?
Which of the following is a symptom if a person has reduced VP closure?
A. delyaed oral onset of swallow
B. food remains on tongue
C. residue at top of airway
D. nasal penetration
What is nasal penetration?
This cranial nerve is motor and sensory. For motor, it controls intrinsic laryngeal muscles, VP closure+ approximation, constricts the esophagus. For sensory, it senses food residue in larynx, pharynx, and esophagus. It also senses larynx, pharynx, external ear, trachea, esophagus +diaphgragm.
A. X
B. V
C. XI
D. VII
What is X?
A person with this syndrome will have coloboma (defect in iris/retina), heart defect, atresia choanae( blockage of nasal passage), restrictive growth and development, genital abnormality, ear abnormality/deafness (sensorineural hearing loss)
A. Nager Syndrome
B. Moebius Syndrome
C. Van der Woude Syndrome
D. CHARGE Syndrome
What is CHARGE Syndrome?
Adult stuttering events tend to occur on all the following EXCEPT
A. words beginning with consonants rather than vowels
B. short words rather than long ones
C. content words rather than function
D. sentence-initial (early) words rather than later words
What is short words rather than long ones?
(adults stuttering events would occur on longer words instead of shorter words)