Stroke Types
Caused by blockage of an artery and often caused by blood clots
A. Left Hemisphere Stroke
B. Right Hemisphere Stroke
C. Ischemic Stroke
D. None of the above
C. Ischemic Stroke
Conduction Aphasia is caused by lesions
A. in the area supplied by the middle cerebral arteries and the anterior and posterior arteries
B. in the region between Broca's area and Wernicke's area, especially in the supramarginal gyrus and arcuate fasciculus
C. in Brodmann's area 44 and 45 in the posterior inferior gyrus of the left hemisphere.
D. in the angular gyrus, the second temporal gyrus and the junction of the temporoparietal lobe.
B. in the region between Broca's area and Wernicke's area, especially in the supramarginal gyrus and arcuate fasciculus
Jen suffered a cerebellar stroke and her husband describes her speech as "drunk and inebriated". What type of speech disorder does Jen most likely have?
A. Spastic dysarthria
B. Hyperkinetic dysarthria
C. Flaccid Dysarthria
D. Ataxis Dysarthria
D. Ataxis Dysarthria
Which of the following is characteristic of apraxia of speech but not dysarthria ?
A. Consistent errors regardless of length and complexity of utterance.
B. Difficulty performing both non-speech and speech motor tasks
C. Predictable errors
D. Normal strength, tone and range of movement of oral and pharyngeal muscles.
D. Normal strength, tone and range of movement of oral and pharyngeal muscles.
A clinician in a hospital setting is asked to evaluate a 64 year old patient who appears to have dementia. In gathering the case history from the patient's adult daughter, the clinician finds out that the patient began drinking alcohol as a 15 year old and has been a heavy drinker since that time. A detailed evaluation shows that the patient presents with memory problems, difficulty processing abstract information and visual-spatial deficits. This patient most likely has
A. Dementia of the Alzheimer's type
B. Parkinson's disease
C. Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
D. Aphasia
C. Wernicke- Korsakoff Syndrome
The patient's history of heavy drinking with memory problems, difficulty processing abstract information and visual-spatial deficits would probably have the above.
Effects the temporal and occipital lobes. The deficits depends on area damaged and can include deficits in writing and memory.
A. Ischemic
B. Hemorrhagic
C. Posterior Cerebral Artery
D. Transient Ischemic Attack
C. Posterior Cerebral Artery
A 90- year old woman in a skilled nursing home facility is in the end stage of Alzheimer's dementia. The top treatment priority would be
A. improving her sentence struture.
B. Facilitating communication with the staff during daily routines
C. Working on her word retrieval skills
D. Increasing orientation to date and time.
B. Facilitating communication with the staff during daily routines
Tongue fasciculations, slow and slurred diadochokinetic rates, and a breathy quality are all symptoms of which dysarthria type?
A. Spastic
B. Ataxia
C. Hyperkinectic
D. Flaccid
D. Flaccid
Apraxia of speech is often associated with
A. Lesions in Broca's area
B. Lesions in Wernicke's
C. Lesions in Subcortical structures
D. Lesions in the occipital area
A. Lesions in Broca's area
A hospital based clinician receives a referral of a women, Fran, who is 76 year old and enjoys walking, swimming and giving her grandchildren rides. During the initial interview, Fran tells the clinician that she would have to stop her daily walks with her dog because she believes she is slow when she begins walking and then she would take short, rapid, shuffling steps. She also shares that her writing has become smaller and that her friends and family say that she has been found "expressionless" in the recent days. The clinician also notices decreased intelligibility. Fran probably has
A. Right-hemisphere syndrome
B. Unilateral upper motor neuron dysarthria
C. Alzheimer's dementia
D. Parkinson's disease
D. Parkinson's disease
Spatial and perceptual deficits, discourse and pragmatic deficits. Impulsive behavior and attention deficits.
A. Left Hemisphere
B. Right Hemisphere
C. Ischemic
D. Hemorrhagic
B. Right Hemisphere
Primary Progressive aphasia is a form of
A. Fluent Aphasia
B. Dementia
C. Non-fluent Aphasia
D. Subcortical Aphasia
B. Dementia
PPA is a form of dementia, although it starts as aphasia.
Hyperkinetic dysarthria may occur following damage to what site?
A. Cerebellum
B. Upper motor neuron
C. Basal Ganglia
D. Lower motor neuron
E. All of the above
C. Basal Ganglia
What are articulation errors of AOS?
A. Inconsistent Speech
B. Sound level errors: Phoneme substitution & Phoneme distortion
C. Voice onset errors
D. None of the above
E. All of the above
E. All of the above
Based on your diagnosis, you would expect Fran's speech and language to be characterized by
A. Fluency problems including silent pauses as well as repetitions because of false starts and attempts at self-correction.
B. Quality and rare that are "drunken" and slow with excessive and even stress
C. Incoherent, slurred and rapid speech accompanied by metathetic errors
D. Monopitch, a harsh and breathy voice, short rushes of speech, imprecise consonants and respiratory problem.
D. Monopitch, a harsh and breathy voice, short rushes of speech, imprecise consonants and respiratory problem.
Expressive and receptive deficits. Cognitive impairments and deficits in right visual field.
A. Left Hemisphere
B. Right Hemisphere
C. Ischemic
D. Hemorrhagic
A. Left Hemisphere
Impaired fluency but comprehension and repetition is within functional limits.
A. Transcortical Motor
B. Transcortical Sensory
C. Conduction
D. Global
A. Transcortical Motor
_________is a breathing technique focused on relaxation where you breathe in slowly through your nose as your stomach moves outward and exhale slowly through your lips as your stomach moves inward.
A. Shallow breathing
B. Chavicular breathing
C. Diaphragmatic breathing
D. A and C
C. Diaphragmatic breathing
What are characteristics of AOS?
A. Effortful speech
B. Articulation Errors
C. Limited Prosody
D. Visible groping of the articulators.
E. All of the above
E. All of the above
Other symptoms the clinician might expect Fran to manifest would include
A. Chorea, emotional outbursts, schizophrenic-like behaviors and dysarthria.
B. Hallucinations, mask-like face and confabulation.
C. Mask like face, slow voluntary movements, tremors in resting muscles and disturbed posture.
D. Circumlocutions, repetitive verbal response, and festinating speech.
C. Mask like face, slow voluntary movements, tremors in resting muscles and disturbed posture.
Serious temporary clot, they are considered mini strokes
A. Ischemic
B. Hemorrhagic
C. Posterior Cerebral Artery
D. Transient Ischemic Attack
D. Transient Ischemic Attack
Which aphasia type has impaired fluency, comprehension and repetition.
A. Transcortical Motor
B. Transcortical Sensory
C. Conduction
D. Global
D. Global
A speech treatment techniques that practices to over emphasize articulatory movements and improve speech intelligibility
A. Vocal function exercises
B. Over-articulation
C. Bearing down
D. Sustained vowel prolongation
B. Over-articulation
What are co-occurences of AOS?
A. Aphasia
B. Dysarthria
C. None of the above
D. Both A and B
D. Both A and B
The most significant communication problem associated with right hemisphere disorder is
A. Agrammatic speech
B. Impaired morphologic production
C. Severe voice disorders
D. Overall communicative effectiveness
D. Overall communicative effectiveness