First contact
Who were the first people to make contact with First Nations in North America?
Vikings (Norse)
Who is often referred to as "The Father of New France"?
Samuel De Champlain
What was the main fur traded?
Beaver
Who was the British General who beat the French in the Battle of the Plains of Abraham?
Wolfe
Who made the famous walk to tell the British the Americans were planning a surprise attack?
Laura Secord
Who was the first person to claim the New World for France?
Cartier
What were the 800 women sent to New France by the King known as?
Filles de Roi
Who are the Coureurs de bois (runners of the woods)?
These were young French men who were energetic and daring adventurers that went into the interior river and lakes and brought back beaver pelts themselves.
Who was the French General in the 7 Years War at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham?
Montcalm
Who is Tecumseh?
He was a well respected Chief of the Shawnee who was a powerful allie to the British. When he died the Native peoples hope for their own separate land died.
What happened at Stadacona?
-Disease played havoc
-Cartier acted maliciously by kidnapping chief Donnacona, his 2 sons and 7 others and taking them back to France.
-All except a young girl perished before Cartier returned to Stadacona in 1541.
-Mysteriously vanished
Who was the leader of the Catholic Church in New France?
Laval
Who were the first people to trade furs with the First nations?
The first people to trade furs with the First Nations were likely the fishermen who went ashore in Newfoundland to dry and salt their catches.
What did the Constitution act do?
-It divided Canada into Upper (English) and Lower (French)
-Each colony was given their own Legislative Assembly
What was the name of the group of people who thought the US should invade the British North America?
War Hawks
What was the name of the First Nations Chief who told Cartier the name of the land was "Kanata"?
Donnacona
Who was the French Minister of Finances (Intendant) under the King when New France was first established?
Talon
What were the two main things that the French did to try to protect the fur trade?
-Used military actions against the British
-Expanded Inland
Explain what happened at the Battle of the Plains of Abraham.
-Fought outside the city of Quebec
-Ended French control of New France
-The British won
-Pivotal moment in the seven years war and led to the surrender of Quebec to the British
-Both Generals died on each side during the battle. France: Montcalm, British: Wolfe
Who did Laura Secord warn that said the Americans are coming?
Fitzgibbon
Compare/Contrast First Nations and Europeans Point of Views. Give me three things.
see page 25*
Explain the significance of the Seigneurial System. What role did the Seigneur have? What role did the Habitant have?
-The seigneurial system was significant because since the St. Lawrence river was the main transportation route they divided the land off of this river in long narrow strips and was owned by the king.
-Seigneurs were granted land by the King. Then divided the land into lots for habitants to farm the land. Build house, flour mill, and church. Report information to intendant
-Habitants were settlers that were meant to farm the land. They were to pay taxes, perform unpaid labour for seigneur, and give percentage of produce to seigneur
Explain the significance of the Fur Trade on development of Canada.
-The Fur trade brought great wealth and power to the territory
-More people came to the lands from this. Increased Population
-The French established alliances with First Nation tribes mainly the Huron people. Cultural Exchange
-The Coureurs de bois expanded the fur trade which allowed France to explore further into the interior of the country. Expanded inland
What is the significance of the Act of Union of 1841?
-Eliminate separate governments in Upper and Lower Canada and create a single government with equal representation from Canada West and Canada East
-Establish English as the official language of government
What are 4 of the 8 results from the conclusion of the War of 1812
1.American immigrants were discouraged from coming to British North America
2.War set the border between USA and BNA at the 49th parallel, from Lake of the Woods to the Rocky Mountains
3.Oregon Territory was to be jointly occupied (until 1846)
4.Demilitarized the Great lakes (Rush-Bagot Treaty)
5.Britain looked to the USA as a separate country
6.USA turn attention to West and South for expansion
7.Unity emerged between Upper and Lower Canada (they fought against a common enemy)
8.Maritimes become more prosperous