Pre-Romanticism: Schubert & Beethoven

Towards Romanticism

100

This invention allowed for composers to dictate what exact tempi they wanted in their pieces

Metronome

200

Which composer is known for recognizing the talent in Beethoven saying "Keep your eyes on him; someday he will give the world something to talk about." 

Mozart

300

These were added to trumpets and horns in order to allow players to play a wider arrange of notes across the harmonic series

Valves & pistons

400

The French Revolution and the Fall of Napoleon would usher a transition from the Age of Reason, where rule following was the norm, towards a new age, where composers and artists put this concept into their works

Feeling/Emotion

500

The orchestra would expand even further- by introducing what new instruments? NAME 4 of the 5 instruments

Piccolo, Bass Clarinet, Contrabassoon, Trombone, Tuba

Forms

100

Leider is often in this form, where notes stay the same, but text changes

Strophic Form

200

This hybrid musical form, utilizes 2 B sections and 1 C section to intersect a recurring A theme. The C section acts almost like the development

Sonata-Rondo

300

Beethoven would replace the Minuet & Trio in a majority of his symphonic works, replacing it with this fast paced alternative.

Scherzo

400

What change would Beethoven add to the Coda in Sonata-Allegro Form?

Second Mini-Development Section

500

The Pastoral Symphony is unique, in that it differs from 4-movement Symphonic Form by having 5 movements. What is the other KEY difference of each of the movements, where tempo is not the name.

Uses programmatic titles

Important Works

100

These two works by Beethoven compositionally retained many of the Classical era styles, popularized by Haydn and Mozart.

Symphonies 1-2

200

Nicknamed the Fate Symphony by the famous 4-note motif, this work is considered a masterclass of orchestral writing and a cornerstone of the Romantic Era

Symphony No. 5 in C minor

300

This famous work by Schubert is incredibly religious, strophic form, and is recognized as a cornerstone in religious soprano writing

Ave Maria

400

Nicknamed "Pastoral" this masterwork inspired by nature

Symphony No. 6 in F Major

500

This leider, taken from a Romantic poem and set to music by Schubert, depicts a setting in which a father and son, on horseback, flee the ever chasing supernatural figure

Erlkönig

Schubert

100

Schubert is the only Viennese style composer to be born in which city?

Vienna

200

Known as German art song, Schubert popularlized this compositional style for the voice.

Leider

300

Schubert was known for publishing groups of songs- also known as?

Cycles

400

This genre of Schubert's compositions was primarily Classical in form, but incredibly Romantic in content and harmony

Symphony

500

What are Schubert's Date of Birth and Date of Death? (Years ONLY)

1797-1828

Beethoven

100

This period of Beethoven's life is associated with his arrival in Vienna, the Pathetique Sonata, and his first two piano concertos

The First Period

200

This Beethoven Symphony was written originally as a compliment to Napoleon Bonaparte, before Beethoven famously scratched the ruler's name out post-1812

Symphony No. 3 in Eb Major OR Eroica

300

Beethoven's only opera- Fidelio, belongs to which Period of his life?

Second Period

400

What grand religious work did Beethoven write during the Third Period of his life?

Missa Solemnis

500

What are Beethoven's Date of Birth and Date of Death? (Years ONLY)

1770-1827