Key Terms
The process of restoring function through programmed exercise to enable a return to competition.
What is rehabilitation?
This works on developing the athlete in the off-season
What is preseason conditioning?
The purpose of these exercises is to allow the body to adapt to the increased demands placed upon it by training.
What are progressive resistance exercises?
This differs from isometric exercise in that there is movement of the joint during the muscle contraction.
What are dynamic (isotonic) exercises?
An increase in the size of muscle tissue.
What is hypertrophies?
Each year in the United States, approximately 45.7 million children and teenagers participate in these organized activities.
What are organized sports?
This is when muscles adapt specifically to the nature of the work performed.
What is specificity?
This is a form of dynamic exercise that is accomplished with a training partner.
What is manual resistance training?
Process of muscle atrophy due to disuse, immobilization, or starvation leads to decreased strength and muscle mass.
What is reversibility?
This organization estimates that one-half of all sports injuries in children are preventable with proper education and use of protective equipment.
What is the Center for Disease Control and Prevention?
If a muscle is worked less than normal, this happens, causing the muscle to become smaller and, therefore, cannot accommodate the workload it once did.
What is atrophy?
This is a gradual stretching of a muscle through the muscle’s entire range of motion.
What is static stretching?
A type of exercise in which a machine controls the speed of contraction within the range of motion.
What are isokinetic exercises?
This allows athletes to gradually build up to the level of activity that will be expected of them on the playing field.
What is preseason conditioning?
When muscles contract, they recruit different types of these to carry out the contraction.
What are motor units?
This provides muscular overload at a constant, preset speed while the muscle mobilizes its force through the full range of motion.
What is isokinetic exercise?
A combined relaxing and contracting of the muscles, an initial isometric contraction against maximum resistance is held at the end of the range of motion, followed by relaxation and passive stretching.
What is proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation?
This is the duration of a preseason conditioning program prior to sports participation, allowing the body to gradually adapt to the demands to be placed on it.
What is six to eight weeks?
Several studies have shown that large numbers of these fibers are a prerequisite for success in progressive resistance training.
What are fast-twitch fibers?
This involves a combination of contraction and relaxation of the muscles.
What is proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF)?