Show:
Nervous System
The Mouth
The Stomach
Absorption
Glucose and Diabetes
100
100 Points: Fill in the blank Which system (parasympathetic or sympathetic) is responsible for the "fight or flight response"?
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
100
100 Points: Definition What is the purpose of “mastication?”
Break down into small pieces to increase the surface area so enzymes can work
100
100 Points: Name the Factor When the body cannot handle something that was just ingested, the vagus nerve will receive a signal from THIS FACTOR to help you throw up.
What is the Tumor Necrosis Factor?
100
100 Points: Name the Organ This organ contains highly vascular epithelial cells and villi (small finger-like projections) in order to absorb the maximum amount of nutrients
What is the small intestine?
100
100 Points: True or False Alpha cells released from the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas are responsible for creating insulin
False
200
200 Points: Naming Name the neurotransmitters associated with the SNS and PNS.
PNS: acetylcholine SNS: epinephrine/ norepinephrine (adrenaline/ noradrenaline)
200
200 Points: Fill in the blank There are two digestive enzymes are present in the mouth in order to break down food particles. Give their name and function
Lipases: breaks down triglycerides Amylase: breaks down starches
200
200 Points: Name the Sphincter When an individual has heartburn or GERD, this is because this sphincter has not shut completely
What is the esophageal sphincter?
200
200 Points: Name the Enzyme Monosaccharide’s such as glucose, galactose and fructose can be readily absorbed into the body without assistance. Disaccharides, as well as polysaccharides on the other-hand, need assistance. What is the enzyme that allows these to be absorbed into the body?
What are saccharidases.
200
200 Points: Name the Compound The liver uses carbohydrates to create glucose for energy for itself OR store it as _________________.
What is glycogen
300
300 Points: True/False The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for relaxing and widening arteries and veins.
True
300
300 Points: Definition In this stage of digestion, stimuli illicit responses before any food even reaches your mouth and mucous has been secreted
What is the cephalic phase?
300
300 Points: Name this Process Rhythmic motions that forces the epiglottis to cover the trachea and allow for the passage of bolus to the stomach
What are peristaltic contractions?
300
300 Points: Name the Enzyme The release of what enzyme and compound in the duodenum neutralizes the acidity of the bolus?
What is secretin?
300
300 Points: True or False In Type II Diabetes, the individual’s beta cells in the pancreas DO NOT work (i.e. do not produce insulin)
False
400
400 Points: Fill in the blank In the central nervous system, energy is dissipated through this “supercomputer…”
What is the brain?
400
400 Points: Definition List THREE functions of saliva
Lubricate the mouth and esophagus, antibacterial properties, digestive enzymes
400
400 Points: Name the Enzyme This enzyme is present in the stomach to break down protein
What is pepsinogen --> pepsin
400
400 Points: Play Doctor A patient comes to you at the local Urgent Care Facility with the following symptoms: abdominal pain, constipation, decreased appetite, bloody stool, and unexplained weight loss. His diet is extremely high in wheat and barley. What could this disorder be?
What is Celiac Disease?
400
400 Points: Explanation Why, for Type II diabetes, is it so important for individuals with this disease to lose weight?
Reduces the size of adipose cells so that receptors become more sensitive to insulin
500
500 Points: Susan is very anxious for her NS 1150 exam. How will the following organs/ functions be affected before her exam? 1. Heart rate 2. Glucagon levels 3. Intestinal motility 4. Bronchial tubes 5. Esophageal sphincter
1. Increase 2. Increase 3. Decrease 4. Dilate 5. Loosen
500
500 Points: Causes What causes Nursing Bottle Syndrome?
When sleep suppresses the rate of salivary flow, tooth decay can occur because the antibacterial activity of saliva in inhibited and the presence of glucose from a nursing bottle in an infant's mouth.
500
500 Points: Fill in the Blank The release of this chemical compound in the stomach breaks down the bolus into even smaller pieces to prepare for absorption
What is HCl
500
500 Points: Fill in the Blank Fiber helps to __________ blood cholesterol by binding to ___________.
What is lower blood cholesterol and bile
500
500 Points: What happens when glycogen in the liver has been exhausted?
See diagram..