Module 1
Give ONE defining characteristic to separate prokaryotes from eukaryotes.
DNA free-floating in prokaryotes
Size
Absence of MBO
Organelle --> cell --> tissue --> organ --> organ system --> organism
Give an example of a structural adaptation in plants
Waxy cuticle, spines along stem, trichomes on leaves, deep root systems in desert plants etc.
What are the 3 main types of symbiotic relationships?
Mutualism, commensalism, parasitism.
Regulates fludiity.
Describe the role of spongy mesophyll.
Loosely-packed layer of cells which facilitates the exchange of gases into or out of palisade cells.
Give TWO examples of convergent evolution.
Bird & butterfly wings.
Sharks & dolphins fins/streamlined shape.
What is the half-life of carbon-14?
5730 years.
Light dependent photosynthesis occurs in the ________.
Light independent photosynthesis occurs in the _______
Thykaloid.
Stroma.
What isotope can be used to trace the movement of glucose in plants?
Carbon-14
Which two terms describe the different rates of evolutionary change?
Gradualism vs punctuated equilibrium.
What is the formula for capture-recapture?
Captured X recaptured / Marked from 1st capture.
The three types of endocytosis you learned about are called...
Phagocytosis, pinocytosis, receptor-mediated endocytosis.
List TWO similarities and TWO differences between open and closed transport systems.
Similar:
- Both move essential substances including gases and nutrients.
- Both pass substances in a specialised transport medium.
- Both rely on a pumping mechanism.
Different:
- Confined to specialised vessel network vs free-moving through body cavity.
- Transport medium (Blood vs haemolymph in insects).
- Higher pressure / efficiency in closed vs lower pressure/efficiency in open.
Cytochrome C.
What are the 3 main steps in restoration of damaged ecosystems following mining? (Keep brief)
2) Replenish nutrients into soil
3) Reintroduce native flora and fauna
Closest answer wins - If you took all the cell membranes in a human body and laid them out flat, they would cover over _____ square meters.
4000
Closest answer wins - When unfolded, the surface area of your alveoli is approximately _____ square meters.
Closest answer wins - Although vertebrates such as birds, mammals and reptiles are commonly discussed, invertebrates actually make up a higher portion of living organisms; Approximately _____ % of animals are invertebrates.
97%
Closest answer wins - Initially, only 100 cane toads were bought to Australia. Population data models now indicate that there are approximately how many?
200 million