Self & Self-Esteem
The way children describe who they are.
What is self-concept?
Personality stage for middle childhood.
What is industry vs. inferiority?
Ability to manage and control emotions.
What is emotional regulation?
Friendships become more based on this rather than just play.
What is trust?
Parenting style linked to best outcomes.
What is authoritative parenting?
During middle childhood, self-descriptions shift from physical traits to these.
What are psychological traits?
Feeling capable and productive.
What is industry?
Understanding and matching how others feel.
What is empathy?
Groups of friends with shared norms.
What are cliques?
Parents gradually allow more independence but still guide.
What is negotiation?
Children evaluate themselves by comparing their abilities to others.
What is social comparison?
Feeling incompetent or unable to succeed.
What is inferiority?
Changing how you think about a situation to feel better.
What is cognitive reappraisal?
Repeated aggression involving a power imbalance.
What is bullying?
Judging behavior based on intentions, not just outcomes.
What is advanced moral reasoning?
Feelings about overall worth or value.
What is self-esteem?
The main context shaping this stage for most children.
What is school?
Feeling bad for doing something wrong.
What is guilt?
Spreading rumors or excluding others.
What is relational aggression?
Culture that emphasizes group goals over individual goals.
What is collectivism?
The type of feedback most likely to build healthy self-esteem.
What is praising effort rather than ability?
A classroom environment that best promotes industry.
What is challenging but achievable tasks with support?
Best example of mature emotional coping.
What is problem-solving?
A protective factor against bullying involvement.
What is supportive adults?
Belief that rules are created by people and can change.
What is flexible understanding of rules?