Present Simple
'The sun rises in the East.'
What use of the Present Simple is this one?
(Scientific) fact. An action that is always true.
'I'm doing my homework.'
What use of the Present Continuous is being used here?
It's an action in progress now. It's a temporary action and not yet finished.
'I've left my phone upstairs. Can you wait for me?'
What use of the Present Perfect is being used here?
Recent event
How do we form the Present Perfect Continuous?
Have/has been + verb -ing
They have a change in meaning.
Why do we use 'adverbs of frequency' in the Present Simple?
To describe habits and routines
Do all the actions in the Present Continuous happen at the moment of speaking?
No, they can happen now or around now (e.g., I'm working on a 10-page project).
'My dad's car has broken down, so he can't take me to school for a few weeks.'
Explain this sentence.
The action happened in the past and there's a result in the present.
Can we use "for" and "since" with the Present Perfect Continuous?
Yes, we can.
What tense do we use to show that an action is completed?
Present Perfect
What type of use for the Present Simple is being shown in the sentence?
"Mark hates heights but works in a 30th-floor office."
General truth
Can the Present Continuous be used for habits?
Yes, it can describe a habit that happens over a short period of time. A time expression is needed.
Why do we use It's/This is the first/second time in the Present Perfect?
To refer to our life up to now.
What kind of state can be used in the Present Perfect Continuous?
A state that lasts up to the present moment. E.g., 'I've been living in this house for 10 years.'
'Jane is always drinking coffee in the office.'
What use of the Present Continuous is this one?
A repeated temporary action
What are 'state verbs'?
Verbs that aren’t normally used in the continuous form because they describe activities that are already extended in time
'I'm living in Vancouver.'
What does this sentence mean?
The person is living in Vancouver, but for some time, it's not permanent.
'My family and I have been to Europe last year.'
Is this sentence correct? Explain
No, because in the Present Perfect we don't specify when the action happened.
'We've been driving for hours! I think we should pull over and set the GPS.'
What's being shown in this sentence?
An action that's not completed
Where do we put the focus on when we use the Present Perfect?
On the present result. E.g., I've written my homework. Now I can watch the television.
1) 'In 1945, World War II ends.'
2) Scene 1
A fight breaks out between members of the Capulet and Montague houses, and Prince Escalus demands all fighting stop. Benvolio vows to help Romeo forget Rosaline.
What uses of the Present Simple are the ones in examples 1 and 2?
A summary of events. 1) is used to refer to a historical event, and 2) to make a summary of events in a narrative, in this case, about the first scene in Romeo and Juliet.
We need to use the adverb 'always.'
'We use the Present Perfect Simple to describe events that have not happened yet.'
Is this correct?
Yes, e.g., 'She hasn't found her keys yet.'
Where do we put the focus on in the Present Perfect Continuous?
On the action in progress.
What does the time expression 'ago' refer to?
How far back in the past