After the arrest
The dollar amount or conditions set by the court to ensure that an individual accused of a crime will appear for further criminal proceedings.
What is Bail
Latin for “I will not contest it.” A plea in which a criminal defendant chooses not to challenge, or contest, the charges brought by the government.
What is Nolo contendere?
The defendant appears before a judge or magistrate who decides whether the evidence presented is sufficient for the case to proceed to trial.
What is preliminary hearing?
The state must prove the defendant guilt.
What is beyond a reasonable double?
Citizens of the United States; Eighteen years of age or older; free of felony convictions; healthy enough to function in a jury setting; sufficiently intelligent to understand the issues of a trial and able to read, write, and comprehend the English language.
What are the qualifications to be a juror?
Bail is provided for under the Eighth Amendment.
What is setting Bail?
The process by which the accused and the prosecutor work out a mutually satisfactory conclusion to the case, subject to court approval.
What is Plea bargaining?
The prosecutor must show that a crime was committed and link the defendant to that crime.
What establishing probable cause?
A declaration following a trial that the individual accused of the crime is innocent in the eyes of the law and thus is absolved from the charges.
What is an acquittal?
Sometimes called the jury pool, is made up of all the eligible jurors in a community.
What is a master jury list?
The Supreme Court has held that the initial appearance must occur “promptly,” which in most cases means within forty-eight hours of booking.
What is the time frame of initial appearance?
A law limiting the amount of time prosecutors have to bring criminal charges against a suspect after the crime has occurred.
What is Statute of limitations?
A group of citizens called to decide whether probable cause exists.
What is a grand jury?
Defendants are entitled to have the case heard by a twelve-member jury unless both parties agree in writing to a smaller jury
What is a federal court hearing?
The group of citizens from which the jury is selected.
What is the venire?
The vagueness of the Eighth Amendment’s requirement that “excessive bail shall not be required” allows the practice to serve another purpose: the protection of the community.
What is Preventative Detention?
Gain a more favorable plea bargain
Challenge a crucial part of the evidence on constitutional grounds
What is pleading not guilty?
A charge or written accusation, issued by a grand jury, that probable cause exists to believe that a named person has committed a crime.
What is an Indictment?
The defendant waives her or his right to trial by jury, in which a judge decides questions of legality and fact, and no jury is involved.
What is a bench trial?
Each attorney questions prospective jurors in a proceeding.
What is a voir dire?
The defendant is then released at no cost with the understanding that he or she will return at the time of the trial.
What is Release on recognizance?
In most cases, a prosecutor has a single goal after charging a defendant with a crime
What is a conviction?
A court proceeding in which the suspect is formally charged with the criminal offense stated in the indictment.
What is an arraignment?
The Supreme Court solidified this right by ruling that in all felony cases, the defendant is entitled to a jury trial.
What is Duncan v. Louisiana (1968)?
it ruled that a defendant may contest race base peremptory challenges even if the defendant is not the same race as the excluded jurors.
What is Powers v. Ohio (1991)?