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Before your first symptoms...
Disease in populations
Transmitting a disease
Prevention and Care
Screening
100
When an infection causes symptoms or signs, or when it results in impairment of performance of a vital function.
What is disease?
100
An epidemic limited to a specific group or area
What is an outbreak?
100
The interval between time of infection and the onset of the first signs or symptoms of the disease. Relfects the time it takes for the disease to manifest itself.
What is Incubation period?
100
Type of prevention aimed at preventing disease or injury from occurring. Give an example.
What is Primary Prevention? Vaccination, use of helmets, use of condoms, water chlorination.
100
The degree to which the results of a measurement of a screening test correspond to the true state of affairs.
What is Validity?
200
Entry into and establishment of an infectious agent within the body
What is Infection?
200
A disease that is constantly present in a given population and transmission can be sustained without the introduction of imported cases from outside.
What is Endemic disease?
200
Interval between the time of first exposure and measurable response or development of the condition . Applicable to disease like cancer, which can take a long time to show.
What is Latency?
200
Type of prevention aimed at delaying or preventing the occurrence of full-blown or symptomatic disease, by early detection and treatment of disease. Provide an example
What is Secondary Prevention? Examples include cancer screening, screening for HIV infection, screening for early detection of disease.
200
Measures the ability of a screening test to correctly identify those who have the disease.
What is Sensitivity?
300
Presence and multiplication of organisms at a body surface causing no reaction in the host. Can be internal or external.
What is Colonization?
300
A disease that is constantly present in a given population at a high prevalence.
What is Hyperendemic?
300
An infection that is acquired in a hospital.
What is Nosocomial infection?
300
Limiting the extent of impariment, disability or complications, of disease with the aim of restoring the afflicted patient to a useful, productive life with the highest quality of life possible. Provide an example.
What is Tertiary prevention? Physical therapy for stroke victims, hlafway houses for recovred alcoholics, fitness programs for heart attack patients.
300
The best test available.
What is the Gold Standard Test?
400
The organism multiplies in the host, its presence may or may not be limited to body surfaces and it causes a minimal reaction, which is not clinically detectable.
What is unapparent infection?
400
Occurrence of a disease in excess of the usual level of expectancy.
What is an Epidemic?
400
Period during which an infected iperson is able to spread an infection. Usually begins after onset of signs and symptoms.
What is period of communicability?
400
The level of medical care provided in a hospital, nursing home, or by a home health agency.
What is Secondary care?
400
Proportion of individuals screened positive by the test who actually have the disease.
What is Positive Predictive Value?
500
Occurrence of disease that is widespread and crosses boundaries of states, countries or a continent.
What is a pandemic?
500
Period between infection by a host and time of maximal communicability of that host.
What is Generation time?
500
Highly specialized care in which the most up-to-date sophisticated technology available is utilized. (e.g. ICUs, transplant surgery)
What is Tertiary care?
500
Labeling effect, anxiety, costs, and delay in intervention are this.
What are risks of screening?