Derm
An abnormal dilation or red, blue or purple superficial capillaries, arteries or venules typically localized just below the skins surface
Telangiectasia
Big 3 Life Threatening Causes of Chest Pain
Myocardial infarction/ACS
Aortic Dissections
Pulmonary embolism
Symptoms of ripping/tearing sensation in the chest radiating to the back as well as numbness and tingling to both arms and legs
Aortic dissection
What diabetic medication slows the progression of renal disease?
SGLT2 inhibitors
Canagliflozin, dapagliflozion, empagliflozin
What is the most common autoimmune thyroiditis
Hashimoto
Less than 5 mm
Macule/patch
What is the role of Likelihood ratio
Will increase or decrease the suspicion of disease
Young patients account for what percentage of MIs in the United States
10%
What diabetic medication can cause weight gain
Sulfonylureas and insulin
If hypothyroidsim is present, levothyroxine should be given in the usual placemnt doses. What is the daily dose of levothyroxine
0.05-0.2 mg
Patch
What does the Likelihood ratio of 10 mean
Indicates significant increase in the chance of disease
About what percentage of patients between the ages of 24 and 39 who come to the ED for chest pain rule in for ACS
5%
What diabetic medication has been shown to decrease the morbidity and mortality of stroke and cardiovascular disease and should be considered 2nd line of therapy in the American Diabetes Guidelines
GLP1-receptor agonist
What medication is given to a pregnant female who has Graves Disease?
Propylthiouracil
Elevated, palpable, less than 5mm
Papule
Likelihood ratio of 1
What percent of diabetic patients presents atypically for ACS?
40%
What diabetic medication is associated with fluid retention
Thiazolidinediones
What is the best lab test to diagnosis thyroid disease
TSH
Firm, papular
Nodule
Negative likelihood ratio
Used when ruling out a disease.
In a patient with chest pain in whom we are considering aortic dissection we want to ask about the classic symptoms (radiation to the back and lightheadedness) as well as other ways that aortic dissection can present. "Think of it as chest pain plus"
Chest pain plus neurologic symptoms
Chest pain plus headacheChest pain plus lightheadedness
In a nonpregnant healthy adult what is the HbA1c glycemic target
Less than 6.5
What thyroid cancer is generally the least aggressive?
Papillary