Clinical Reasoning and diagnostics
A list of possible diseases a doctor considers.
What is a differential diagnosis?
The basic unit of heredity is called a ___.
What is a gene?
Diseases caused by bacteria can often be treated with this type of medicine
What are antibiotics?
Gram-positive bacteria appear this color after Gram staining.
what is purple?
name one of the many bacteria forms
what is circular, irregular, filamentous, and rhizoid?
Tests like imaging, lab work, or biopsies used to confirm a diagnosis.
what is lab work
Humans have this many pairs of chromosomes.
What is 23 pairs?
A disease that is constantly present in a population is called ___?
What is endemic?
Gram-negative bacteria appear this color after Gram staining.
what is pink?
name one of the many bacteria elevations
what are raised, convex, flat, umbonate, and crateriform?
tumors that are generally considered harmless. They will not spread to other parts of the body or invade other tissues and are not cancer.
benign tumor
A diagram that shows the inheritance of a trait over generations is called a ___?
What is a pedigree?
This is a misfolded protein that causes others to misfold and destroys other healthy neurons
what is a prion?
what defining traits of a cell indicates cancer?
multiple large nuclei, weird shape, weird size
name one of the various bacterial margins
what are entire, undulate, filiform, curled, and lobate?
Untreated FH increases the risk of this serious cardiovascular condition
What is atherosclerosis (or coronary artery disease)?
name one of the three chromosome mutations we went over from karyotypes and explain it
what is trisomy, what is monosomy, what is down syndrome
what kind of disease is athletes foot?
The creation of mRNA is called _______ and happens in the ______.
What is transcription, and it happens in the nucleus?
what is aseptic technique?
the practice and/or process of preventing contamination?
A pattern of inheritance where only one copy of a mutated gene is needed to express the trait.
What is autosomal dominant?
These are variations of a gene that can result in different traits.
What are alleles?
name one of the many paths of entry for bacteria
what is respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, urogenital tract, mucous membranes, and abrasions on skin?
Gram negative bacteria are often more dangerous because they have an additional layer outside of their peptidoglycan layer. This layer is called the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and it can have toxic effects The LPS can induce a serious immune response that leads to a condition called?
what is septic shock?
The etiology of the flu is caused by this specific type of mode, which has multiple strains such as A, B, and C.
What is the etiology of influenza virus?