Gene stuff
Pharmacogenetic testing is recommend in patients of Asian and Southasian ancestry prior to initiating which of the following
a) imipramine
b) lamotrigine
c) fluvoxamine
d) valproic acid
e) carbamazepine
carbamazepine
which of the following pathways is implicated in the development of tardive dyskinesia?
a) mesolimbic
b) nigrostriatal
c) mesocortical
d) tuberoinfundibular
e) incertohypothalamic
nigrostriatal
who was the first psychiatrist to introduce the term schizophrenia and describe primary and secondary symptoms of the disease
a) phillippe pinel
b) eugen bleuler
c) emil kraepelin
d) kurt schneider
e) benedict-augustin morel
eugen bleuler
ECT was made safer due to twhich of the following changes in the 1950s?
a) brief general anesthesia with succinylcholine
b) the use of curare to prevent seizure-induced fractures
c) the use of brief pulses instead of constant pulses of current
d) use of x-rays of the spine to assess fracture risk during ECT
e) use of mouth guards to prevent tongue injury during seizures
brief general anesthesia with succinylcholine
Other than causing an index episode of substance-induced psychosis, which of the following substances is associated witht he highest rate of conversion to schizophrenia or bipolar disorder?
a) opioid
b) alcohol
c) cannabis
d) cannabis
e)hallucinogens
cannabis
Childhood trauma, which increases risk for MDD and PTSD, has been correlated with an increase in the expresssion of which of the following genes?
a) AKT1
b) SERT
c) FRM1
d) ApoE2
e) FKBP5
FKBP5
Threat perception provokes defensive behavior, whichis partly mediated by which of the following brainstem areas?
a) septal area
b) raphe projections
c) nucleus accumbens
d) centromedial amygdala
e) dorsal periaqueductal grey
dorsal periaqueductal grey
The Freudian state of latency is correlated with Erikson's stage of
a) trust vs mistrust
b) industry vs inferiority
c) initiative vs guilt
d) autonomy vs shame
industry vs inferiority
Which of the following augmenting agents has been shown to be both well tolerated and effective in managing treatment resistent depression
a) estrogen
b) atomoxetine
c) st johns wort
d) triiodothyronine
e) tranylcypromine
triiodothyronine
Which of the following hormonal changes is most commonly found in post-menopausal women?
a) increased estrogen
b) increased adrenal androgen
c) increased LH
d) decreased FSH
e) decreased TSH
increased LH
which gene is responsible for patients having familial advanced sleep phase syndrome?
a) hPER2
b) Presenilin-1
c) MeCP2
d) WNT2
e) RELN
hPER2
which of the following cortical regions is a key component of the default mode network?
a) medial prefrontal
b) anterior cingulate
c) dorsolateral prefrontal
d) ventromedial prefrontal
e) lateral posterior parietal
medial prefrontal
which of the following attachment styles in infacts is characterized by paying little overt attention to the parent's presense?
a) secure
b) avoidant
c) resistant
d) ambivalent
e) disorganized
avoidant
Vagal nerve stimulation has evidence as adjunctive treatment for which of the following chronic conditions
a) tic disorder
b) Binge eating disorder
c) MDD
d) PTSD
e) OCD
MDD
the wisconsin card sorting test is a measure to assess which of the following neuropsychological domains?
a) memory
b) attention
c) language
d) executive functioning
e) intellectual functioning
executive functioning
Which of the following NT systems most directly regulates impulsive or affective aggression
a) GABAergic
b) serotonergic
c) oxytocinergic
d) dopaminergic
e) noradrenergic
serotonergic
Most known drugs of abuse activate which of the following dopaminergic pathways leading to addictive behavior?
a) nigrostriatal
b) mesocortical
c) mesoaccumbens
d) tuberohypophyseal
mesoaccumbens
Although physical health and cognitive function may decline in older age, which of the following aspects of life often increases in older age?
a) social activity
b) peer pressure
c) novelty seeking
d) sense of well-being
e) active engagement with life
sense of well being
Which of the following medications can contribute to prolonged post-ictal delirium and severe cognitive side effects during a course of ECT treatment?
a) lithium
b) clozapine
c) clonazepam
d) divalproic acid
e) carbamazepine
lithium
Which of the following symptoms is the defining feature or Kleine-Levin Syndrome
a) mood disturbances
b) visual hallucinatoins
c) developmental delay
d) cognitive impairment
e) episodic hypersomnia
episodic hypersomnia
which of the following epigenetic processes is most implicated in the development of individuals with fragile x syndrome
a) DNA acetylation
b) DNA methylation
c) histone acetylation
d) histone methylation
e) histone phosphorylation
DNA methylation
A 47 y/o with hx of depression is admitted for new-onset psychosis and the development of mood swings, decreased focus, fidgeting, and lack of coordination. Genetic testing is most likely to reveal which of the following
a) alterations in single X chromosome
b) trinucleotide repeats on chromosome 4
c) mutation on CSF gene on chromosome 7
d) changes on a regional of chromosome 15
e) presence of a third copy of chromosome 21
trinucleotide repeats on chromosome 4
A patient with cancer experiences nausea when viewing a commercial that shows the location where the patient receives chemotherapy treatment. This patient's response is best understood as an example of:
a) observational learning
b) operant conditioning
c) classical conditioning
d) negative reinforcement
e) second order conditioning
classical conditioning
in the 1970s, evidence for the role of serotonin in depression and a desire to develop drugs with a better side effect provide than TCAs and MAOIs lead to the development of which of the following medications?
a) buspirone
b) bupropion
c) fluoxetine
d) lamotrigine
e) clomipramine
fluoxetine
A woman is psychiatrically hospitalized with prominent paranoid delusions, AH, progressive mood lability. she subsequently develops waxing and waning confusion, word-finding difficulty, and periods of mutism. An EEG detecs extreme delta brushing. Anti-NMDA receptor antibody testing is positive. Which of the following neoplasms is most liekly to be detected on further testing?
a) melanoma
b) thymoma
c) ovarian teratoma
d) hodgkin lymphoma
e) small cell lung cancer
ovarian teratoma