Advantages of P&P
How many categories of advantages of probation and parole are there?
7
This is one main criticism of probation because offenders remain in the community instead of serving time behind bars.
Lack of sufficient punishment
Violation of conditions may lead to what?
Who is credited with being the first probation officer?
John Augustus
What is a technical violation in the context of probation?
Failing to meet a general condition
Alberto destroyed a window when he broke into the Rosales residence. The judge order that Alberto pay for the window at sentencing. This is an example of?
Restitution
One risk of parole is that offenders may reoffend while under what?
Supervision or monitoring
General conditions of probation apply to who?
All probationers in a given jurisdiction.
What percentage of adults on parole have their conditional release revoked each year?
15%
John missed two scheduled meetings with his probation officer and failed to complete community service hours, but he hasn’t committed any new crimes. These actions would be classified as what?
technical violations
Tyrone was convicted of a serious violent felony and the judge ordered that he refrain from associating with felons as a condition of his release from prison. This is an example of?
Reduced risk of criminal socialization
Probation and parole may save money compared to incarceration but can increase this type of cost to society?
Social costs
25%
What percentage of adults successfully meet the conditions of their probation?
51%
Sarah was convicted of theft and placed on probation. She was later arrested for burglary during her probation period. What type of violation does this represent?
substantive violation
Judge Kyoto has recently shifted from sending people to incarceration to giving them a second chance because the nearby penitentiaries are over capacity. By allowing defendants to go on probation this allows the state to have what?
Lower costs
Offenders on probation or parole may require this kind of support, which adds to social costs.
Social services, counseling, or job training
What is parole revocation?
The administrative action of removing a person from parole in response to a violation of conditions
Which state was the first to implement Intensive Probation Supervision (IPS)?
Georgia
Lisa was ordered to stay within her city limits as a condition of her probation. She was found by her probation officer two towns over without permission but has not committed any new crimes. What type of violation has Lisa committed?
technical violation
Mark is a formerly incarcerated person who has just been released. There are programs available through halfway houses that represent what?
An increased opportunity for rehabilitation
Why might probationers or parolees who violate conditions not always be returned to prison, posing a community risk?
Limited enforcement or lack of immediate revocation policies
Why is there a reluctance to use parole?
Concerns about a lack of offender reformation
Under what circumstances can parole board members be successfully sued?
If decisions are made in a grossly negligent manner
Mark was sentenced to probation after a DUI conviction. While on probation, he was arrested for driving under the influence again. What kind of probation violation does this represent?
substantive violation