Vocabulary
A scientist who studies what Earth is made of and how it changes over time
What is a geologist?
Shaking of the ground caused by a seismic wave
What is an earthquake?
The country where the word "tsunami" came from that experiences many tsunamis
What is Japan?
Molten material from Earth's mantle below Earth's surface
What is magma?
The idea that the continents were once close together, but moved apart
What is continental drift?
The remains of an organism preserved in rock form
What is a fossil?
Tools used to detect and measure earthquakes
What are seismometers (seismographs)?
Damage to land, buildings, plants, soil, and the deaths of people and animals
What are tsunami effects?
What is a dormant volcano?
What is a butte?
The process of breaking rock into smaller pieces
What is weathering?
Plates moving and pushing against each other
What is the cause of an earthquake?
To move into its space and push it out of position
What is to displace?
What is the Ring of Fire?
Dinosaur fossils found in rock layers, a huge crater in Mexico, and iridium found in layers of rock
What is evidence of an asteroid striking Earth?
A plume of magma that causes eruptions through Earth's crust without plates interacting
What is a hot spot?
The scale on which an earthquake is measured
What is a magnitude scale?
A device in the ocean to detect tsunamis
What is a tsunameter?
A device used to analyze the air for sulfur dioxide above a volcanic vent
What is a spectrometer?
An example of erosion that happens beneath the ground from slightly acidic water
What is chemical weathering?
Rock made of magma or lava that has cooled and hardened
What is igneous rock?
Structural damage, loosened rocks, landslides, toppled buildings, etc.
What are the effects on Earth's surface?
Things used to help communities prepare for tsunamis
What are seawalls, natural barriers, and warning systems?
A mountain on the ocean floor made from volcanic activity
What is a seamount?
Visible evidence of erosion, such as new boulders at the base of a slope, and tilting trees, poles, or other objects
What is evidence for future landslides?