Product and
Circular Economy
Circular Economy
Where of system on earth does modern manufacturing of products get its materials from?
from the lithosphere
What technical specialty on chemical transformations with little or no toxicity?
Green Chemistry
What is the word for designing in environmentally responsible ways?
Eco-Efficiency
What studies material and energy flows through an industrial system, shifting them from a linear model to a closed-loop model.
Industrial Ecology
What does DFE stand for?
Design for the Environment
What did I name as the central feature of industrial ecology?
Life-Cycle Thinking
What are two separate nutrients/circle in Cradle to cradle design?
Biological nutrients/cycle and Technical nutrients/cycle.
What kind of analysis is used to calculate and evaluate embodied energy at each stage of a product's life cycle?
Formal Life Cycle Analysis
What do system thinkers do before the designers start working on product designs?
Define the Product Function
What is a method for measuring a product's impact on the environment throughout its entire lifecycle?
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
What kind of design are Velcro and Propeller Blades an example of? Hint: it starts with a B!
Biomimetic Design
What is the method we discussed for capturing and using process-heat energy?
Combined Heat & Power (CHP)
What is "a concept that humans must rapidly reduce their consumption of resources to one-fourth of the current levels in order not to exceed the planet’s carrying capacity"?
Factor 4
Mimicry of natural ecosystems is also the basis of what design philosophy?
Cradle to Cradle
What is the name for the strategy of reducing the amount of material required to make a product?
Dematerialization