DNA
The definition of a gene
What is a DNA sequence encoding a functional RNA or protein
The phase of the cell cycle where DNA is replicated
What is S phase?
The point of meiosis
What is creating genetic diversity?
The definition of an allele
What is a variant form of a gene in a population?
The three main types of RNA
What are mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA?
The cellular component that performs translation
What is a ribosome?
What are all of the genes in a cell/organism?
The part of the cell cycle where the cell divides into two
What is cytokinesis?
The number of cells created by meiosis
What is 4?
A variance in an observable trait
What is phenotype?
The enzyme that performs transcription
What is RNA Polymerase?
______ are monomers that are conjoined to form ______ chains
What are 'amino acids', and 'polypeptide'
The loosely packed form of DNA
What is chromatin?
The part of mitosis where sister chromatids separate
What is anaphase?
Meiosis starts with a ______ cell to create a ______ cell
What are 'diploid' and haploid'?
When only one copy of an allele is needed to present the phenotype associated with it, it is said to be _________
What is dominant?
The direction that RNA Polymerase reads DNA
What is 3' to 5'?
The molecules involved with transferring amino acids to the ribosome
What is tRNA?
The direction that DNA is built in
What is 5' to 3'?
The part of mitosis where chromosomes are that their most compact
What is metaphase?
_________ chromosomes pair up and are separated from each other in meiosis I
What is 'homologous'?
The term for a genotype when an organism has two different alleles for a gene
What is heterozygous?
A sequence of DNA that attracts RNA Polymerase to a gene
Codons are __ nucleotide long sequences that encode for a _______
What is "3", "amino acids"?
DNA wrapped around a ________ forms a ____________
What are 'histone' and 'nucleosome'?
The proteins that the mitotic spindle attaches to in order to separate sister chromatids
What are centromeres?
The phase of meiosis where crossing over occurs
What is prophase I?
Mendel's Law of Inheritance that is caused by the random orientation of chromosomes in meiosis I
What is the law of independent assortment?
A sequence of RNA that is spliced out of a transcript before it is translated.
What is an intron?
An insertion or deletion of a nucleotide within a protein coding sequence leads to a ________ mutation
What is a frameshift mutation?