Muscles Move Us
Force is produced as the muscle shortens, as in raising a weight.
What is a concentric contraction?
this molecule consists of an adenosine group and three inorganic phosphates. The high-energy bonds between the inorganic phosphates store a lot of energy.
What ATP?
this allows oxygen from inhaled air to pass across the very thin membranes in the depths of the lungs and enter the bloodstream.
What are the lungs?
increased muscle mass occurs as a result of muscle cells adding contractile and other cellular proteins.
What is muscle hypertrophy?
D / T
What is Speed?
temporarily reduces muscle strength because of the damage to contractile proteins and impairs the restoration of muscle glycogen until the damage is repaired.
What is DOMS (Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness)?
The breakdown of carbohydrate
What is glucose?
a mineral needed in small amounts on a daily basis (18 mg per day). Red meat, beans, fish, and leafy vegetables are good sources.
What is Iron?
Whether it’s a chest press, a biceps curl, or a squat, training only one arm or leg at a time
What is unilateral training?
(F × D) / T
What is Power?
recommends that athletes consume 1.2 to 2.0 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight each day (0.5 to 0.9 grams per pound of body weight each day). In other words, a 150-pound (68 kg) athlete is advised to consume between 75 and 135 grams of protein each day.
Who is the American College of Sports Medicine?
a stimulant to the central nervous system
What caffeine?
simply the rate at which the body uses energy.
What is metabolic rate?
the maximal load or resistance an athlete can accomplish in one effort.
What is 1RM?
indicates that adaptations to training are specific to the mode and intensity of the training.
What is the principle of specificity?
this explains how nerve input results in force production when actin and myosin filaments slide past each other.
What is the sliding filament theory?
a catch-all term that refers to a lot of molecules with similar characteristics, from simple sugars such as glucose (blood sugar), fructose (fruit sugar), lactose (milk sugar), and sucrose (table sugar) to more complex forms such as starches and fibers.
What is a carbohydrate?
determined by heart rate and stroke volume (CO = HR × SV)
What is cardiac output?
EIMD
What is exercise-induced muscle damage?
m X a
What is Force?
testosterone and growth hormone influence increases in muscle strength and mass in response to training, although increases in those hormones after training or during sleep do not appear to play a major role in that response.
What are anabolic hormones?
the form in which fat is stored by plants and animals, including humans.
What is a triglyceride?
a measure of how quickly a substance tends to move across a membrane such as the lining of the lung alveoli.
muscles do have a remarkable ability to adapt very quickly to varying conditions
What is plasticity?
The ability of muscle cells to transition among the energy pathways
What is metabolic flexibility?