organelle functions
what is the purpose of the nucleus?
it is where a eukaryotic organism's genetic material is stored, it is also the control center of the cell
where is the DNA in a prokaryotic cell?
it floats around the cell
what kind of cells are plants made up of?
eukaryotic cells
what shape are animal cells?
animal cells are rounded, oval shaped
what is a cell?
the basic structural and functional unit of living organisms
what is the function of the cell membrane?
a lipid bilayer that surrounds the cytoplasm of a cell, separating the inside of the cell from the environment and controlling what enters and leaves the cell
what is the definition of prokayote?
an organism that lacks a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
what is the function of the chloroplast?
The chloroplast is the in plant cells that captures sunlight to make food (glucose) through the process of photosynthesis
how do animals breathe?
cellular respiration
what is abiotic?
not living, or produced by nonliving things
what are ribosomes?
A structure made of protein and rRNA that converts messenger RNA sequences into amino acid sequences with the help of transfer RNAs
what organisms are prokaryotes?
bacteria and archaea
what is the function of a cell wall in plants?
it is a tough, protective barrier that surrounds the outer membrane of some types of cells
what kind of vacuoles do animal cells have?
animal cells have a variety of small vacuoles
what is biotic?
living, or produced by living things
what is the cytoplasm do?
the jellylike material inside the outer membrane of a cell that holds the nucleus, organelles, and other components of the cell
what processes do plant and animal cells go through to acquire nutrients?
plants: photosynthesis animals: consume other organisms
what materials and/or elements do plants need to function?
plants need sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide
why can't animals go through the process of photosynthesis?
animals can't preform photosynthesis because they lack chloroplasts, and chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis
what is the golgi body?
it is an organelle that packages and sorts materials for transport outside of the cell
what are the functions of the endoplasmic reticulum?
a system of membrane-enclosed sacs and tubes in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells where proteins and lipids are synthesized
what organelles are distinct between animal and plant cells?
plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not; both plant and animal cells have vacuoles but plant cells have one central vacuole and animal cells have many small individual vacuoles
what are the organic pigments found in flowers and other plants?
chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids, and accessory pigments
what is the cytoskeleton?
the cytoskeleton is a network of protein fibers in a cell that provides structure, shape, and helps with movement and transport inside the cell
what kind of cells are plant and animal cells and what is the definition?
eukaryote, an organism whose cells contain a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles