Properties
Properties 2
Changes
Changes 2
States of Matter
100
The type of property that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter.
What is a physical property?
100
The type of property that can only be observed when matter changes into a new substance.
What is a chemical property?
100
The type of change that creates one or more new substances.
What is a chemical change?
100
The type of change that only changes the form or appearance of the matter.
What is a physical change?
100
What are the 3 states of matter and how are the particles arranged in each state?
solid: definite shape and volume, tightly packed
liquid: indefinite shape, definite volume, loosely packed
gas: indefinite shape and volume, far apart
200
The ability of a substance to support burning.
What type of property is this? Why?
What is flammability?
Chemical property because when something is burning it is changing into a new substance.
200
The ability of a substance to interact with another substance chemically and form a new substance.
Iron interacts with oxygen in the air and forms a new substance. What do we call this new substance?
What is reactivity/reaction with oxygen?
What is rust?
200
List 3 signs of a physical change.
Change in size, shape, state of matter, can be undone/reversed, no new substance formed
200
List 3 signs of a chemical change.
Change in color, odor
Produces light, heat, sound
Produces a gas (bubbles) or a solid (precipitate)
200
Identify the 6 phase changes.
S-L: Melting
L-S: Freezing
L-G: Boiling/Evaporation
G-L: Condensation
S-G: Sublimation
G-S: Deposition
300
The ability of a substance to be drawn or pulled into a wire.
Give an example of a material with this property.
What is ductility?
Copper wire, barbed wire, gold/silver necklaces
300
1. The ability of a substance to be shaped, bent, or hammered into a new shape without breaking.
2. Things that break easily are considered to be this.
1. What is malleability?
2. What is brittle?
300
A straight piece of wire is coiled to form a spring.
Physical or Chemical? Evidence...
Physical
No new substance, only the shape changes.
300
Your friend decides to toast a piece of bread, but leaves it in the toaster for too long. The bread is black and the kitchen is full of smoke.
Physical or Chemical? Evidence...
Chemical
Blackening of bread and smoke is a new substance.
300
Describe the kinetic molecular theory.
How does this relate to how matter changes phases?
The particles of matter are always moving
How fast they are moving (the amount of kinetic energy) determines the state of matter
400
The ability of a substance to carry/transfer thermal and electrical energy.
What types of materials are good at this?
What types of materials are poor at this?
What is conductivity? (thermal and electrical)
Metals make good conductors. (copper, iron)
Wood, rubber, and plastic make good insulators.
400
This is a liquid's resistance to flow.
Give an example of a liquid that flows slowly and one that flows quickly.
What is viscosity?
Slow: Honey, Syrup, Molasses
Quick: Water, Oil, Alcohol
400
You forgot to wash the bread knife when you washed it and reddish brown spots appeared on it.
Physical or Chemical? Evidence...
Chemical
Iron of knife forms rust (new substance, color change)
400
A student removes a loaf of bread from the hot oven. The student cuts a slice off the loaf and spreads butter on it.
Physical or Chemical? Evidence...
Physical
No change in substance.
400
At what temperature does this substance melt? And at what temperature does this substance boil?
Melt: 100 degrees Celsius
Boil: 240 degrees Celsius
500
The amount of matter in a given space.
How do you calculate this property? What is the formula?
How is this property associated with an object's ability to float? How can you predict if an object will float or sink?
What is density?
D = M / V
Float: D < 1 or M < V
Sink: D > 1 or M > V
500
The property that describes the ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance.
Things that can dissolve are called ___. Give an example.
Things that cannot dissolve are called ___. Give an example.
What is solubility?
Soluble; salt/sugar
Insoluble; sand, rocks, plastic
500
In baking biscuits and other quick breads, the baking powder reacts to release carbon dioxide bubbles. The carbon dioxide bubbles cause the dough to rise.
Physical or Chemical? Evidence...
Chemical
Gas is produced
500
Chewing food to break it down into smaller pieces represents a ___ change. Then, the changing of starch into sugars by enzymes in the digestive system represents a ___ change.
Physical or Chemical? Evidence...
Physical, chewing only breaks down matter into smaller pieces of the same substance
Chemical, enzymes change the starch into sugar which is a new substance
500
Identify what is happening at each point on the graph.
A: solid heating up to its melting point
B: solid is melting to a liquid
C: liquid is heating up to its boiling point
D: liquid is boiling/vaporizing to a gas
E: gas is heating up