Structure of the Hair
What is the difference between the hair root and hair shaft?
The hair root is that portion of the hair that lies below the skin surface; the hair shaft is
that portion of the hair that extends beyond the skin surface
What is the technical term for the study of hair?
Trichology
What is melanin?
Hair pigment
Alopecia senilis is
the normal loss of scalp hair occurring in old age.
Pityriasis capitis simplex is
classic dandruff.
Identify the layers of the hair shaft.
Cuticle, cortex, and medulla
What is the Average hair density amount
approximately 2,200 per square inch
Define wave pattern.
Wave pattern is the amount of movement in the hair strand
Alopeica areata is
the sudden falling out of hair in round patches that creates bald spots.
ringworm of the scalp is known as
Tinea capitis
In what ways can side bonds be broken?
Hydrogen bonds can be broken with water, dilute alkali, neutral, and acid solutions.
Salt bonds are broken by strong acidic or alkaline solutions.
Disulfidebonds are broken or restructured with chemical solutions.
What is meant by a hair stream, whorl, and cowlick?
A hair stream is hair that flows in the same direction; a whorl is hair that forms in a
circular or swirl pattern; and a cowlick is a tuft of hair that stands straight up.
Hair texture refers to
The degree of coarseness or fineness of individual hair strands
Androgenic alopecia is
Hair loss occurring as a result of genetics, age, and hormonal changes
Pediculosis capitis is
an infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice.
What are peptide bonds? What are they also known as?
Chemical bonds that join amino acids together from end to end; also known as end bonds
List and describe common disorders of the scalp.
Dandruff, vegetable parasitic infections, animal parasitic infestations, and staphylococci infections
What are the Two types of melanin and whats the difference between them.
1. Eumelanin: provides brown and black color to hair
2. Pheomelanin: provides color ranges from red and ginger to yellow or light blonde tones
Alopecia syphilitica is caused by
syphilis, and is characterized by bald areas that look moth-eaten
Pityriasis steatoides is caused by
Pityriasis steatoides, a more severe form of pityriasis capitis, is caused by excessive shedding of scales and an accumulation of greasy, waxy scales mixed with sebum.
List the structures of the hair root.
Follicle, bulb, dermal papilla, arrector pili muscle, and sebaceous glands
What are the characteristics of hair used in hair analysis and what are their definitions?
Texture, which refers to the degree of coarseness or fineness of individual hair strands;
density, which measures the amount of hair per square inch of scalp area; porosity, which is the ability of the hair to absorb moisture; and elasticity, which is the ability of the hair to stretch and return to its original shape
Define and explain the anagen, catagen, and telogen phases of hair growth.
The anagen phase is the growth phase when new hair is produced. It lasts three to five years.
The catagen phase is the transition phase between the growth and resting phases. In this phase the
follicle shrinks, the hair bulb disappears, and the shrunken root end forms a rounded club. It lasts
from one to three weeks. The telogen phase is the resting phase and lasts for three to six months,
until the fully-grown hair is shed. The growth process repeats itself once every four to five years.
Minoxidil
1. Topical treatment applied to scalp twice a day
2. Non-prescription drug available for men and women
3. Two strengths: 2 percent for regular and 5 percent for extra strength.
4. No known negative side effects
Finasteride
1. Oral prescription medication for men
2. Possible weight gain or loss of sexual function
Pseudofolliculitis barbae is referred to as ______ but resembles folliculitis because ....
razor bumps and resembles folliculitis without the pus; it is generally accepted to be
caused by ingrown hair. It is caused by improper shaving and/or broken hair below the skin surface
that grows into the sides of the follicle, where bacteria may develop pus and folliculitis