States of Matter
Matter is anything that takes up space and has this
What is mass (and volume)
Kinetic energy is the energy of this
What is motion (or movement)
Give an example of a qualitative physical property
what is: colour, texture, etc
The process of a solid turning directly to a gas
what is: sublimation
What is the instrument used to measure pressure
what is: a manometer
Which state of matter is easiest to compress?
What is gas
According to the KMT, what happens to particle speed when temperature increases?
What is: speed increases
The formula for density is this
what is mass / volume
what is endothermic
Which substance would evaporate quicker - water or paint thinner. Why?
What is paint thinner - volatile substance
This uncommon state makes up 99% of the universe, but little on Earth.
What is plasma
What kind of collisions occur between gas particles and container walls
what is: elastic collisions
Intermolecular forces between solids, liquids, and gases - rank them from strongest to weakest
what is solids > liquids > gases
what is: they occur at the same temperature
Why does water boil at a lower temperature on a mountain?
What is: higher altitude = lower atmospheric pressure = water boils at a lower temp
Name two naturally occurring plasmas
What are lightening, stars, aurora borealis
State 3 of the 5 major points of the KMT
1. Particles that make up matter are very small and have mass
2. There are spaces between particles
3. Particles are in constant random motion
4. There are forces of attraction between particles
5. Particle speed is related to temperature
Which type of intermolecular force is the strongest? (out of the 3 discussed in our lab)
what is hydrogen bonding
Why does temperature stay constant during a phase change
Because energy is being used to break/overcome intermolecular forces during the phase change
What is the normal boiling point of water at standard pressure?
what is 100 degrees Celsius
Compare the diffusion of solids, liquids, and gases
What is: slowest in solids, faster in liquids & fastest in gases
Why does a deflated basketball weigh less than an inflated one
what is: because gas particles have mass
Explain why NaCl has a high melting point compared to molecular solids like I2
What is: because ionic bonds are stronger than intermolecular forces
Dynamic equilibrium occurs when these two things are equal
Explain how a pressure cooker cooks food faster
What is: by increasing the pressure, the boiling point increases = increased heat = faster cooking